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Chapter 3: Problem 1

What is an atomic mass unit? Why is it necessary to introduce such a unit?

Short Answer

Expert verified
An atomic mass unit, or amu, is one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12, approximately equal to 1.660539040 x \(10^{-27}\) kilograms. It's necessary as it allows us to express the extremely small masses of atoms and molecules in a more practical way, provides a common scale for comparing the masses of different atoms, and simplifies stoichiometric calculations in chemistry.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of atomic mass unit

An atomic mass unit, often abbreviated as amu, is defined as one-twelfth (1/12) of the mass of an atom of carbon-12. It is approximately equal to 1.660539040 x \(10^{-27}\) kilograms.
02

Explaining the necessity of atomic mass unit

Atomic mass unit is necessary for the following reasons: \n\n1. It allows us to express very small masses (such as those of atoms and molecules) in a more practical and convenient way. Dealing with such minute quantities in standard SI units like kilograms would be difficult as the masses of atoms and molecules are extremely small.\n\n2. It provides a common scale to compare the masses of different atoms. The atomic masses of all elements are measured relative to the atomic mass of carbon-12.\n\n3. It simplifies stoichiometric calculations in chemistry. By using atomic masses in terms of amus, the number of atoms, ions, or molecules can easily be calculated from a given mass of an element or compound.

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