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Chapter 21: Problem 83

Name two advantages of a nuclear-powered submarine over a conventional submarine.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Two key advantages of nuclear-powered submarines over conventional ones are an extended operational span underwater, bolstering their stealth, and increased speed or operational capability thanks to the high power output of nuclear reactors.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Nuclear Power

Nuclear power has several unique characteristics. Primarily, a nuclear reactor, unlike conventional sources, is capable of producing a significant amount of energy continuously for a long time without needing to be recharged or refuelled.
02

Identifying Benefits in the Context of Submarines

These characteristics of nuclear power bring two main advantages for submarines. First, nuclear submarines can operate underwater for an extended period (several months to years), as they do not need to surface for air or refuelling, staying submerged keeps the submarines inconspicuous and thus increases their stealth. Second, they have greater speed or operational capability because the high energy output of nuclear reactors provides the submarines with a lot more power.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Bismuth-214 is an \(\alpha\) -emitter with a half-life of 19.7 min. A 5.26 -mg sample of the isotope is placed in a sealed, evacuated flask of volume \(20.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) at \(40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Assuming that all the \(\alpha\) particles generated are converted to helium gas and that the other decay product is nonradioactive, calculate the pressure (in \(\mathrm{mmHg}\) ) inside the flask after 78.8 min. Use 214 amu for the atomic mass of bismuth.

The constituents of wine contain, among others, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. A bottle of wine was sealed about 6 yr ago. To confirm its age, which of the isotopes would you choose in a radioactive dating study? The half-lives of the isotopes are: \({ }^{14} \mathrm{C}: 5730 \mathrm{yr}\) \({ }^{15} \mathrm{O}: 124 \mathrm{~s} ;{ }^{3} \mathrm{H}: 12.5 \mathrm{yr}\). Assume that the activities of the isotopes were known at the time the bottle was sealed.

From the definition of curie, calculate Avogadro's number, given that the molar mass of \({ }^{226} \mathrm{Ra}\) is \(226.03 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mol}\) and that it decays with a half-life of \(1.6 \times 10^{3} \mathrm{yr}\)

Outline the principle for dating materials using radioactive isotopes.

How do nuclear reactions differ from ordinary chemical reactions?
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