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Chapter 20: Problem 33

Define the terms (a) labile complex, (b) inert complex.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) A labile complex is the one where the ligands can easily be replaced by other ligands quickly at room temperature. (b) An inert complex, in contrast, is a complex where the ligands take a significant amount of time, even at high temperatures, to be substituted.

Step by step solution

01

Define Labile Complex

A Labile Complex in coordination chemistry is a type of complex where the ligands can easily and rapidly be replaced by other ligands. It means these complexes undergo ligand substitution very swiftly at room temperature.
02

Define Inert Complex

Contrary to labile complexes, Inert Complexes are those types of complexes where the ligands are not easily substituted and take a considerable amount of time, even at high temperatures, to get replaced by other ligands. These complexes generally involve inner orbital or d2sp3 hybridization.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Predict the number of unpaired electrons in these complex ions: (a) \(\left[\mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{CN})_{6}\right]^{4-}(\mathrm{b})\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{6}\right]^{2+}\)

The formation constant for the reaction \(\mathrm{Ag}^{+}+\) \(2 \mathrm{NH}_{3} \rightleftharpoons\left[\mathrm{Ag}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{2}\right]^{+}\) is \(1.5 \times 10^{7}\) and that for the reaction \(\mathrm{Ag}^{+}+2 \mathrm{CN}^{-} \rightleftharpoons\left[\mathrm{Ag}(\mathrm{CN})_{2}\right]^{-}\) is 1.0 \(\times 10^{21}\) at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) (see Table 17.4 ). Calculate the equilibrium constant at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) for the reaction $$\left[\mathrm{Ag}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{2}\right]^{+}+2 \mathrm{CN}^{-} \rightleftharpoons\left[\mathrm{Ag}(\mathrm{CN})_{2}\right]^{-}+2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}$$

Complex ion formation has been used to extract gold, which exists in nature in the uncombined state. To separate it from other solid impurities, the ore is treated with a sodium cyanide (NaCN) solution in the presence of air to dissolve the gold by forming the soluble complex ion \(\left[\mathrm{Au}(\mathrm{CN})_{2}\right]^{-}\). (a) Balance the following equation: $$\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{CN}^{-}+\mathrm{O}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow\left[\mathrm{Au}(\mathrm{CN})_{2}\right]^{-}+\mathrm{OH}^{-}$$ (b) The gold is obtained by reducing the complex ion with zinc metal. Write a balanced ionic equation for this process. (c) What is the geometry and coordination number of the \(\left[\mathrm{Au}(\mathrm{CN})_{2}\right]^{-}\) ion?

Complete these statements for the complex ion \(\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\right)_{2}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)\right]^{2-} .\) (a) The oxidation number of \(\mathrm{Cr}\) is ____ (b) The coordination number of \(\mathrm{Cr}\) is____ (c) ___ is a bidentate ligand.

The label of a certain brand of mayonnaise lists EDTA as a food preservative. How does EDTA prevent the spoilage of mayonnaise?
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