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Chapter 16: Problem 86

The \(\mathrm{pH}\) of a \(0.0642 \mathrm{M}\) solution of a monoprotic acid is \(3.86 .\) Is this a strong acid?

Short Answer

Expert verified
No, this is not a strong acid.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the concentration of \(H^{+}\)

Determine the concentration of \(H^{+}\) in the solution using the expression \( [H^{+}]=10^{-\mathrm{pH}}\). Here, \(\mathrm{pH}=3.86\). So, \( [H^{+}]=10^{-3.86}\). The calculation yields \( [H^{+}]\) equals approximately \(1.37 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{M}\).
02

Compare \(HA\) and \(H^{+}\)

Compare the concentration of the original acid (\(HA=0.0642 \mathrm{M}\)) with that of the H+ ions (\(H^{+}=1.37 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{M}\)). It is evident that \(HA >> H^{+}\). This means that only a small fraction of the original acid has ionized into \(H^{+}\) ions.
03

Determine acid strength

Based on the comparison in Step 2, it can be concluded that this is not a strong acid. Strong acids ionize completely and would have a \(H^{+}\) concentration that is equal to the starting concentration of the acid.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Classify each of these species as a Bronsted acid or base, or both: (a) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O},\) (b) \(\mathrm{OH}^{-},\) (c) \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\), (d) \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) (e) \(\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+},\) (f) \(\mathrm{NH}_{2}^{-},(\mathrm{g}) \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-},\) (h) \(\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\) (i) HBr, (j) HCN.

Specify which of these salts will undergo hydrol\(\begin{array}{llll}\text { ysis: } \mathrm{KF}, & \mathrm{NaNO}_{3}, & \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{2}, & \mathrm{MgSO}_{4}, & \mathrm{KCN},\end{array}\) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{COONa}, \mathrm{RbI}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}, \mathrm{CaCl}_{2}, \mathrm{HCOOK}\).

The ion-product constant for water is \(1.0 \times 10^{-14}\) at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(3.8 \times 10^{-14}\) at \(40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Is the process $$\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(a q)$$ endothermic or exothermic?

Prediet the \(\mathrm{pH}(>7,<7,\) or \(\approx 7)\) of the aqueous solutions containing the following salts: (a) \(\mathrm{KBr}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Al}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{3}\) (c) \(\mathrm{BaCl}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Bi}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{3}\).

Malonic acid \(\left[\mathrm{CH}_{2}(\mathrm{COOH})_{2}\right]\) is a diprotic acid. Explain what that means.
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