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Chapter 14: Problem 58

List four factors that influence the rate of a reaction.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The rate of a reaction is influenced by four main factors: the concentration of reactants, temperature, the presence of catalysts, and the surface area of the reactants.

Step by step solution

01

Concentration of Reactants

The concentration of reactants is one of the factors that influence the rate of a reaction. As the concentration of reactants increases, the rate of reaction also usually increases, because the likelihood of particle collisions increases.
02

Temperature

The temperature is another important factor. The rate of reactions generally increases as the temperature increases because the particles move more quickly and interact with each other more at higher temperatures.
03

Catalysts

The presence of catalysts can also influence the rate of a reaction. Catalysts work by reducing the energy needed for a reaction to occur, which could increase the reaction rate.
04

Surface Area

Finally, the surface area of the reactants can influence the reaction rate. The larger the surface area, the greater the chance for particle collisions, which means the rate of the reaction could increase.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What is the half-life of a compound if 75 percent of a given sample of the compound decomposes in 60 min? Assume first-order kinetics.

The equation for the combustion of ethane \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}\right)\) is $$ 2 \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}+7 \mathrm{O}_{2} \longrightarrow 4 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} $$ Explain why it is unlikely that this equation also represents the elementary step for the reaction.

Consider the following elementary steps for a consecutive reaction $$ \mathrm{A} \stackrel{k_{1}}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{B} \stackrel{k_{2}}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{C} $$ (a) Write an expression for the rate of change of \(\mathrm{B}\). (b) Derive an expression for the concentration of \(\mathrm{B}\) under steady- state conditions; that is, when \(\mathrm{B}\) is decomposing to \(\mathrm{C}\) at the same rate as it is formed from \(\mathrm{A}\).

(a) What can you deduce about the activation energy of a reaction if its rate constant changes significantly with a small change in temperature? (b) If a bimolecular reaction occurs every time an A and a B molecule collide, what can you say about the orientation factor and activation energy of the reaction?

Define activation energy. What role does activation energy play in chemical kinetics?
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