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Chapter 1: Problem 84

The estimated amount of recoverable oil from the field at Prudhoe Bay in Alaska is \(9.6 \times 10^{9}\) barrels. What is this amount of oil in cubic meters? One barrel \(=42\) gal (exact), \(1 \mathrm{gal}=4 \mathrm{qt}(\) exact \()\), and \(1 \mathrm{qt}=9.46 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{~m}^{3}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The oil amount is \(1.5257088 \times 10^{9}\) cubic meters.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Conversion Units

Before converting, identify the conversion units given in the problem. We have:- 1 barrel = 42 gallons,- 1 gallon = 4 quarts,- 1 quart = \(9.46 \times 10^{-4}\) cubic meters.
02

Convert Barrels to Gallons

First, convert the number of barrels to gallons. This is calculated by multiplying the number of barrels by the number of gallons per barrel.\[9.6 \times 10^{9} \text{ barrels} \times 42 \text{ gallons/barrel} = 4.032 \times 10^{11} \text{ gallons}\]
03

Convert Gallons to Quarts

Next, convert gallons to quarts. Multiply the number of gallons by the number of quarts per gallon.\[4.032 \times 10^{11} \text{ gallons} \times 4 \text{ quarts/gallon} = 1.6128 \times 10^{12} \text{ quarts}\]
04

Convert Quarts to Cubic Meters

Finally, convert quarts to cubic meters using the conversion factor provided.\[1.6128 \times 10^{12} \text{ quarts} \times 9.46 \times 10^{-4} \text{ m}^3/ ext{quart} = 1.5257088 \times 10^{9} \text{ m}^3\]
05

Final Result

The estimated amount of recoverable oil in cubic meters is \(1.5257088 \times 10^{9}\) cubic meters.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Prudhoe Bay oil field
The Prudhoe Bay oil field is a significant oil field located in the North Slope of Alaska. This oil field, discovered in 1968, is recognized as one of the largest oil fields in North America. Its vast reserves have been a crucial part of U.S. energy production.
With an estimated 9.6 billion barrels of recoverable oil, it highlights the sheer scale of this resource.
  • The field covers an area of about 213,543 hectares, positioning it as a major contributor to the United States' oil supply.
  • Managing and extracting oil from such a large field involves complex logistics and infrastructure, including a network of pipelines.
  • The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) was specifically constructed to transport oil from Prudhoe Bay to Valdez, Alaska, for shipping to refineries.
Understanding the conversions of oil measurements at Prudhoe Bay is critical for both operational logistics and international trade. It ensures that oil quantities can be compared and utilized effectively across different systems and industries.
barrels to cubic meters
Converting barrels to cubic meters is a common requirement in the oil industry. Barrel is a standard unit of volume used in oil production, while cubic meters are the standard SI unit of volume.
To begin the conversion, you need to understand the sequence of conversions since directly converting barrels to cubic meters is not a straightforward one-step calculation. Here is the breakdown of how you can make this conversion:
  • Step 1: Convert barrels to gallons. Since 1 barrel equals 42 gallons, you multiply the total number of barrels by 42.
  • Step 2: Convert gallons to quarts. As 1 gallon is equivalent to 4 quarts, simply multiply the total gallons by 4.
  • Step 3: Convert quarts to cubic meters, using the conversion factor: 1 quart equals approximately 9.46 x 10^-4 cubic meters.
Once all these conversions are done sequentially, you arrive at the total volume in cubic meters.
This three-step process ensures accuracy in converting large quantities like those at the Prudhoe Bay oil field, where billions of barrels are involved.
measurement conversions
Measurement conversions are essential in understanding and comparing different units effectively.
Often in science, industry, and everyday life, quantities are expressed in units that need to be converted to another for practical use or comprehension. Conversions ensure that a scientist in Europe can understand a measurement made by an engineer in the United States, despite each using different systems of measurement. Here are some pointers on understanding and performing effective conversions:
  • Identify the Units: Always start by clearly understanding the units involved and the relationship between them.
  • Use Conversion Factors: A conversion factor is a multiplier for converting a quantity expressed in one unit into another unit. For example, 1 gallon equals 4 quarts is a conversion factor.
  • Perform Step-by-Step Conversions: Especially when dealing with complex conversions, break down the process into smaller, manageable steps (like converting barrels to gallons, then to quarts, and finally to cubic meters).
  • Always Check Your Work: Ensure the conversion makes sense and that the units cancel out appropriately to leave the desired unit.
    When executed well, conversions allow for consistent and reliable data interpretation globally.
Mastering measurement conversions is important for professionals in fields ranging from engineering to economics, as it fosters clear communication and understanding of data.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The different colors of light have different wavelengths. The human eye is most sensitive to light whose wavelength is \(555 \mathrm{~nm}\) ( greenish- yellow). What is this wavelength in centimeters?

Obtain the difference in volume between two spheres, one of radius \(5.61 \mathrm{~cm}\), the other of radius \(5.85 \mathrm{~cm}\). The volume \(V\) of a sphere is \((4 / 3) \pi r^{3}\), where \(r\) is the radius. Give the result to the correct number of significant figures.

All of the following processes involve a separation of either a mixture into substances or a compound into elements. For each, decide whether a physical process or a chemical reaction is required. a. Sodium metal is obtained from the substance sodium chloride. b. Iron filings are separated from sand by using a magnet. c. Sugar crystals are separated from a sugar syrup by evaporation of water. d. Fine crystals of silver chloride are separated from a suspension of the crystals in water. e. Copper is produced when zinc metal is placed in a solution of copper(II) sulfate, a compound.

Gallium metal can be melted by the heat of one's hand. Its melting point is \(29.8^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). What is this temperature in kelvin units? in degrees Fahrenheit?

The density of quartz mineral was determined by adding a weighed piece to a graduated cylinder containing \(51.2\) mL water. After the quartz was submerged, the water level was \(65.7 \mathrm{~mL}\). The quartz piece weighed \(38.4 \mathrm{~g}\). What was the density of the quartz?
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