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Chapter 2: Problem 12

What is meant by a heterogeneous mixture?

Short Answer

Expert verified
A heterogeneous mixture is a combination of substances that are not evenly mixed and can be physically distinguished.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Term 'Mixture'

A mixture is a combination of two or more substances where each substance retains its own chemical identity. The substances in a mixture are not chemically combined.
02

Explaining 'Heterogeneous'

In science, 'heterogeneous' refers to a substance that is made up of different components that are not uniform or consistent throughout. You can see the different components, and they are not spread evenly.
03

Defining 'Heterogeneous Mixture'

A heterogeneous mixture is a type of mixture in which the individual substances are not distributed evenly, and the different components can be visibly distinguished. Examples include salad and granite.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Mixture
A mixture consists of two or more substances that are combined without forming a new chemical compound. This means that the original substances maintain their distinct characteristics, such as color, odor, and taste, even after being mixed.

A key feature of mixtures is that they can be separated into their original components through physical methods. For instance, you could separate sand from salt water by using a filter.
  • Mixtures do not involve chemical bonding between the components.
  • The proportion of the substances in a mixture can vary. For example, a saltwater mixture can be more or less salty depending on the amount of salt and water used.
Chemical Identity
The term 'chemical identity' refers to the unique set of chemical properties and characteristics belonging to a particular substance. When substances form a mixture, their chemical identities remain intact. This means that each substance in a mixture maintains its own specific attributes, like molecular structure and reactivity.

This is different from a chemical reaction where substances interact and new chemical identities are formed.

To understand this concept further, consider sugar mixed in water. In this mixture, both the sugar and water retain their chemical identities, since no chemical reactions occur between them.
Heterogeneous
Heterogeneous is a descriptive term often used in science to express that something is composed of parts that are diverse and distinct from each other. In a heterogeneous mixture, the presence of multiple components can be seen visually.

For example, a salad is a classic heterogeneous mixture. You can easily identify the lettuce, tomatoes, and cucumbers as separate parts of the salad.
  • Heterogeneous mixtures do not have a uniform composition throughout. Each sample extracted from the mixture can have different proportions of its components.
  • The components in a heterogeneous mixture often settle down or segregate if left undisturbed, like oil and water.
Understanding the heterogeneous nature of some mixtures allows us to predict how they might behave and how their components can be separated.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Stannous fluoride, which is an active ingredient in some toothpastes and helps to prevent cavities, contains tin and fluorine. A \(1.793\) -gram sample was found to contain \(1.358\) grams of tin. Calculate the mass percentages of tin and fluorine in stannous fluoride.

Explain how you could separate iron filings from aluminum powder.

What are the contrasting physical properties of gold and sand on which panning of gold depends?

In one compound of nitrogen and oxygen, \(0.615\) grams of nitrogen combines with \(0.703\) grams of oxygen. In another \(1.27\) grams of nitrogen combines with \(2.90\) grams of oxygen. Show how these data illustrate the law of multiple proportions.

Write the name of five elements that have symbols due to Latin names.
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