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Chapter 1: Problem 122

Iodine is a bluish-black solid. It forms a violetcolored vapor when heated. The solid melts at \(236^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\). What is this temperature in degrees Celsius? in kelvins?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The temperature is \(113.333^{\circ} C\) and \(386.483 \text{ K}\).

Step by step solution

01

Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius Formula

The formula to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius is \( C = \frac{5}{9}(F - 32) \). Identify the Fahrenheit temperature given, which is \( 236^{\circ} F \).
02

Calculate the Temperature in Celsius

Substitute \(236\) for \(F\) in the conversion formula: \[ C = \frac{5}{9}(236 - 32) \]Calculate:\[ C = \frac{5}{9} \times 204 = 113.333 \ ^{\circ} \text{C} \]
03

Convert Celsius to Kelvin Formula

The formula to convert Celsius to Kelvin is \( K = C + 273.15 \). Use the Celsius temperature we just calculated: \(113.333^{\circ} C\).
04

Calculate the Temperature in Kelvin

Substitute \(113.333\) for \(C\) in the conversion formula:\[ K = 113.333 + 273.15 \]Calculate the sum:\[ K = 386.483 \]

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Fahrenheit to Celsius
Converting temperatures between different scales is an important skill, especially in scientific contexts. When we're converting Fahrenheit to Celsius, we use the formula: \( C = \frac{5}{9}(F - 32) \). This formula allows us to transform a Fahrenheit temperature into its equivalent in Celsius.
  • First, identify the given temperature in Fahrenheit. In this exercise, it's \(236^{\circ} \text{F}\).
  • Next, subtract 32 from this value. This step adjusts for the baseline difference between the two scales.
  • Then, multiply by \(\frac{5}{9}\). This ratio represents the difference in interval sizing between Fahrenheit and Celsius scales.
Applying these steps to \(236^{\circ} \text{F}\):
  • Subtract 32: \(236 - 32 = 204\).
  • Multiply by \(\frac{5}{9}\): \(\frac{5}{9} \times 204 = 113.333\ ^{\circ} \text{C}\).
Understanding this conversion is key to smoothly transitioning temperatures from Fahrenheit to Celsius.
Celsius to Kelvin
Once you have a temperature in Celsius, converting it to Kelvin is straightforward, as both scales are metric and linear. The conversion involves a simple addition: \( K = C + 273.15 \). This constant amount, 273.15, compensates for the starting point difference between the Celsius and Kelvin scales.
  • The Kelvin scale starts at absolute zero, which is \(-273.15^{\circ} \text{C}\).
  • The size of one degree Celsius is the same as one Kelvin.
  • This consistency makes the conversion an addition problem, only dealing with the offset.
For our \(113.333^{\circ} \text{C}\):
  • Add 273.15: \(113.333 + 273.15 = 386.483 \ \text{K}\).
Kelvin is often used in scientific studies since it starts at absolute zero, making it simpler for calculations involving thermodynamics.
Iodine Properties
Iodine is a fascinating element, noted for its distinct bluish-black solid state and its dramatic transformation into a violet gas when heated. This transition occurs without turning into a liquid first, a process called sublimation.
  • It is solid at room temperature but when heated, it transitions from solid directly to gas.
  • This property makes iodine handy in various scientific applications, particularly in demonstrations of sublimation.
  • Iodine's melting point, \(236^{\circ} \text{F}\), corresponds to \(113.333^{\circ} \text{C}\) or \(386.483 \ \text{K}\), showing how properties can be mapped across temperature scales.
Understanding iodine's basic properties and behavior in different temperature scales helps in appreciating its role in chemical processes and real-world applications.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

When chlorine gas is bubbled into a solution of sodium bromide, the sodium bromide reacts to give bromine, a red-brown liquid, and sodium chloride (ordinary table salt). A solution was made by dissolving \(20.6 \mathrm{~g}\) of sodium bromide in \(100.0 \mathrm{~g}\) of water. After passing chlorine through the solution, investigators analyzed the mixture. It contained \(16.0 \mathrm{~g}\) of bromine and \(11.7 \mathrm{~g}\) of sodium chloride. How many grams of chlorine reacted?

A spherical tank has a radius of 175.0 in. Calculate the volume of the tank in cubic inches; then convert this to Imperial gallons. The volume of a sphere is \((4 / 3) \pi r^{3},\) where \(r\) is the radius. One Imperial gallon equals 277.4 in \(^{3}\).

The density of liquid water at \(80^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is \(972 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}\) and at \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is \(998 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}\). If you have \(200.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of water at \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C},\) what volume \((\mathrm{mL})\) will the water occupy at \(80^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\) Which will contain more water molecules, \(1.0 \mathrm{~L}\) of water at \(80^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) or \(1.0 \mathrm{~L}\) of water at \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\)

The calorie, the Btu (British thermal unit), and the joule are units of energy; 1 calorie \(=4.184\) joules (exact), - and \(1 \cdot \mathrm{Btu}=252.0\) calories. Convert 3.15 Btu to joules.

A sample of a bright blue mineral was weighed in air, then weighed again while suspended in water. An object is buoyed up by the mass of the fluid displaced by the object. In air, the mineral weighed \(7.35 \mathrm{~g} ;\) in water, it weighed \(5.40 \mathrm{~g}\). The densities of air and water are \(1.205 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{L}\) and \(0.9982 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\), respectively. What is the density of the mineral?
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