Chapter 25: Problem 82
If a molecule is an "ene-one," what functional groups must it have?
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Chapter 25: Problem 82
If a molecule is an "ene-one," what functional groups must it have?
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What properties of the side chains (R groups) of amino acids are important in affecting the amino acid's overall biochemical behavior? Give examples to illustrate your reply.
(a) What is an \(\alpha\) -amino acid? (b) How do amino acids react to form proteins? (c) Draw the bond that links amino acids together in proteins. What is this called?
Adenine and guanine are members of a class of molecules known as purines; they have two rings in their structure. Thymine and cytosine, on the other hand, are pyrimidines, and have only one ring in their structure. Predict which have larger dispersion forces in aqueous solution, the purines or the pyrimidines.
One of the most important molecules in biochemical systems is adenosine triphosphate (ATP), for which the structure is ATP is the principal carrier of biochemical energy. It is considered an energy-rich compound because the hydrolysis of ATP to yield adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate is spontaneous underaqueous biochemical conditions. (a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction of ATP with water to yield ADP and inorganic phosphate ion. [Hint: Hydrolysis reactions are just the reverse of condensation reactions(Section 22.8).] (b) What would you expect for the sign of the free-energy change for this reaction? (c) ADP can undergo further hydrolysis. What would you expect for the product of that reaction?
Indicate whether each of the following molecules is capable of geometrical (cis-trans) isomerism. For those that are, draw the structures: (a) 1,1-dichloro1-butene, (b) 2,4 -dichloro-2-butene, (c) 1,4 -dichlorobenzene, (d) 4,5-dimethyl-2-pentyne.
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