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Chapter 25: Problem 16

Give the general formula for any cyclic alkene, that is, a cyclic hydrocarbon with one double bond.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The general formula for any cyclic alkene with one double bond is: \(C_nH_{2n-4}\).

Step by step solution

01

Identify the General Formula for an Alkene

Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with the general formula C饾憶H2饾憶. The 饾憶 represents the number of carbon atoms in the alkene and the 2饾憶 indicates twice the number of carbon atoms for hydrogen atoms. This general formula applies to both cyclic and non-cyclic (also known as acyclic) alkenes.
02

Adjust the Formula for Cyclic Alkenes

In a cyclic alkene, the carbon atoms are joined in a ring structure. A ring structure eliminates the need for the additional two hydrogen atoms found in non-cyclic alkenes. As a result, the general formula for a cyclic alkene will have two fewer hydrogen atoms than the general alkene formula. This results in the general formula for cyclic alkenes as C饾憶H2饾憶-2. Here, 饾憶 represents the number of carbon atoms in the cyclic alkene.
03

Account for the Double Bond

Cyclic alkenes contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Since the presence of a double bond means that a cyclic alkene has a double bond and a ring structure, we need to modify the general formula to properly represent this feature. The presence of a double bond reduces the hydrogen count by an additional 2 atoms. Thus, the general formula for a cyclic alkene with one double bond is C饾憶H2饾憶-4. The final general formula for any cyclic alkene with one double bond is: C饾憶H2饾憶-4.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Give the molecular formula of a cyclic alkane, a cyclic alkene, a linear alkyne, and an aromatic hydrocarbon that in each case contains six carbon atoms. Which are saturated and which are unsaturated hydrocarbons?

Which of the following compounds is capable of possessing isomerism? In each case where isomerism is possible, identify the type or types of isomerism.

Monosaccharides can be categorized in terms of the number of carbon atoms (pentoses have five carbons and hexoses have six carbons) and according to whether they contain an aldehyde (aldo- prefix, as in aldopentose) or ketone group (keto- prefix, as in ketopentose). Classify glucose and fructose in this way.

What are the approximate bond angles (a) about carbon in an alkane, \((b)\) about a doubly bonded carbon atom in an alkene, (c) about a triply bonded carbon atom in an alkyne?

An organic compound is analyzed and found to contain \(66.7 \%\) carbon, \(11.2 \%\) hydrogen, and \(22.1 \%\) oxygen by mass. The compound boils at \(79.6^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). At \(100{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(0.970 \mathrm{~atm}\), the vapor has a density of \(2.28 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{L}\). The compound has a carbonyl group and cannot be oxidized to a carboxylic acid. Suggest a structure for the compound.
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