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Chapter 24: Problem 29

A four-coordinate complex \(\mathrm{MA}_{2} \mathrm{~B}_{2}\) is prepared and found to have two different isomers. Is it possible to determine from this information whether the complex is square planar or tetrahedral? If so, which is it?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Based on the given information, the complex MA鈧侭鈧� is square planar. This is because square planar complexes have two possible isomers (cis and trans), while tetrahedral complexes have only one arrangement. In this case, the two isomers for the square planar complex would be M(ABAB) and M(AABB).

Step by step solution

01

Understand the square planar structure

A square planar complex has a central metal atom surrounded by four ligands in a planar arrangement, with angles of 90 degrees between the ligands. In the case of the given complex MA鈧侭鈧�, the possible arrangements are either M(ABAB) or M(AABB).
02

Understand the tetrahedral structure

A tetrahedral complex has a central metal atom surrounded by four ligands, with angles of 109.5 degrees between the ligands. In the case of MA鈧侭鈧�, there is only one possible arrangement: M(ABAB).
03

Analyze isomers in both geometries

In the square planar geometry, we have two possible isomers: M(ABAB) with the A and B ligands being adjacent (cis), and M(AABB) with A and B ligands being opposite each other (trans). In the tetrahedral geometry, there is only one possible arrangement: M(ABAB).
04

Determine the geometry of the complex

Since we are given that the complex has exactly two different isomers, it suggests that the MA鈧侭鈧� complex must be square planar, as the tetrahedral geometry only has one arrangement. Thus, the complex is square planar with two possible isomers: cis (M(ABAB)) and trans (M(AABB)).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A certain complex of metal \(\mathrm{M}\) is formulated as \(\mathrm{MCl}_{3} \cdot 3 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\). The coordination number of the complex is not known but is expected to be 4 or 6 . (a) Would conductivity measurements provide information about the coordination number? (b) In using conductivity measurements to test which ligands are bound to the metal ion, what assumption is made about the rate at which ligands enteror leave the coordination sphere of the metal?

Give the number of \(d\) electrons associated with the central metal ion in each of the following complexes: (a) \(\mathrm{K}_{3}\left[\mathrm{TiCl}_{6}\right]\), (b) \(\mathrm{Na}_{3}\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\right)_{6}\right]\) (c) \(\left[\operatorname{Ru}(\mathrm{en})_{3}\right] \mathrm{Br}_{3}\) (d) \([\mathrm{Mo}(\mathrm{EDTA})] \mathrm{ClO}_{4},(\mathrm{e}) \mathrm{K}_{3}\left[\mathrm{ReCl}_{6}\right]\)

(a) In early studies it was observed that when the complex \(\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{4} \mathrm{Br}_{2}\right] \mathrm{Br}\) was placed in water, the electrical conductivity of a \(0.05 M\) solution changed from an initial value of \(191 \mathrm{ohm}^{-1}\) to a final value of \(374 \mathrm{ohm}^{-1}\) over a period of an hour or so. Suggest an explanation for the observed results. (See Exercise \(24.49\) for relevant comparison data.) (b) Write a balanced chemical equation to describe the reaction. (c) A 500-mL solution is made up by dissolving \(3.87 \mathrm{~g}\) of the complex. As soon as the solution is formed, and before any change in conductivity has occurred, a 25.00-mL portion of the solution is titrated with \(0.0100 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{AgNO}_{3}\) solution. What volume of \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}\) solution do you expect to be required to precipitate the free \(\mathrm{Br}^{-}(a q) ?\) (d) Based on the response you gave to part (b), what volume of \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}\) solution would be required to titrate a fresh \(25.00-\mathrm{mL}\) sample of \(\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{4} \mathrm{Br}_{2}\right] \mathrm{Br}\) after all conductivity changes have occurred?

Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagrams and show the placement of electrons for the following complexes: (a) \(\left[\mathrm{VCl}_{6}\right]^{3-}\), (b) \(\left[\mathrm{FeF}_{6}\right]^{3-}\) (a high-spin complex), (c) \(\left[\mathrm{Ru}(\mathrm{bipy})_{3}\right]^{3+}\) (a low-spin complex), (d) \(\left[\mathrm{NiCl}_{4}\right]^{2-}\) \((\) tetrahedral \(),(\mathrm{e})\left[\mathrm{PtBr}_{6}\right]^{2-},(\mathrm{f})\left[\mathrm{Ti}(\mathrm{en})_{3}\right]^{2+}\).

(a) What is meant by the term chelate effect? (b) What thermodynamic factor is generally responsible for the chelate effect? (c) Why are polydentate ligands often called sequestering agents?
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