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Chapter 13: Problem 83

Indicate whether each of the following is a hydrophilic or a hydrophobic colloid: (a) butterfat in homogenized milk, (b) hemoglobin in blood, (c) vegetable oil in a salad dressing, (d) colloidal gold particles in water.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Butterfat in homogenized milk is hydrophobic, (b) hemoglobin in blood is hydrophilic, (c) vegetable oil in a salad dressing is hydrophobic, and (d) colloidal gold particles in water are hydrophilic.

Step by step solution

01

(a) Butterfat in homogenized milk

Butterfat is a lipid that repels water, making it hydrophobic. However, when it is dispersed in homogenized milk, the milk proteins help to form stable emulsions (tiny droplets). The interaction with milk proteins makes butterfat hydrophobic, while the surrounding proteins in the milk allow it to mix better with water.
02

(b) Hemoglobin in blood

Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells, responsible for oxygen transport. Proteins are generally made up of a combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic amino acids. However, in the case of hemoglobin, it is soluble in water and functions in a watery environment, which makes it hydrophilic.
03

(c) Vegetable oil in a salad dressing

Vegetable oil is primarily composed of lipids. Lipids are hydrophobic molecules that repel water. In a salad dressing, an emulsifying agent (such as vinegar or mustard) is often added to help the oil mix with water-based ingredients, but the oil itself remains hydrophobic.
04

(d) Colloidal gold particles in water

Colloidal gold particles are composed of tiny metallic gold nanoparticles suspended in a dispersing medium, such as water. Due to their charged surface and interaction with the water molecules, colloidal gold particles exhibit hydrophilic behavior, allowing them to be well-dispersed in water.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A car owner who knows no chemistry has to put antifreeze in his car's radiator. The instructions recommend a mixture of \(30 \%\) ethylene glycol and \(70 \%\) water. Thinking he will improve his protection he uses pure ethylene glycol. He is saddened to find that the solution does not provide as much protection as he hoped. Why not?

List the following aqueous solutions in order of decreasing freezing point: \(0.040 \mathrm{~m}\) glycerin \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}_{3}\right), 0.020 \mathrm{~m}\) \(\mathrm{KBr}, 0.030 \mathrm{~m}\) phenol \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}\right)\).

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A sulfuric acid solution containing \(571.6 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) per Jiter of solution has a density of \(1.329 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\). Calculate (a) the mass percentage, (b) the mole fraction, (c) the molality, (d) the molarity of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) in this solution.

The Henry's law constant for helium gas in water at \(30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is \(3.7 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{M} / \mathrm{atm}\) and the constant for \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) at \(30{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is \(6.0 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{M} / \mathrm{atm} .\) If the two gases are each present at \(1.5\) atm pressure, calculate the solubility of each gas.
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