/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 90 (a) Which releases the most ener... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 5: Problem 90

(a) Which releases the most energy when metabolized, 1 \(\mathrm{g}\) of carbohydrates or 1 \(\mathrm{g}\) of fat? (b) A particular chip snack food is composed of 12\(\%\) protein, 14\(\%\) fat, and the rest carbohydrate. What percentage of the calorie content of this food is fat? (c) How many grams of protein provide the same fuel value as 25 of fat?

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) 1g of fat releases more energy when metabolized compared to 1g of carbohydrates, with 9 kcal compared to 4 kcal, respectively. (b) About 26.81% of the calorie content of the chip snack food comes from fat. (c) Approximately 56.25g of protein is needed to provide the same fuel value as 25g of fat.

Step by step solution

01

(a) Comparing energy released by carbohydrates and fat

To determine which releases the most energy when metabolized, we first need to know the energy content of carbohydrates and fats. The energy content of carbohydrates is 4 kcal/g, and the energy content of fats is 9 kcal/g. Now, let's compare the two values: Carbohydrates: 1g 脳 4 kcal/g = 4 kcal Fat: 1g 脳 9 kcal/g = 9 kcal As we can see, 1g of fat releases 9 kcal, which is greater than the 4 kcal released by 1g of carbohydrates. So, 1g of fat releases more energy when metabolized compared to 1g of carbohydrates.
02

(b) Calculating the percentage of calorie content from fat

The chip snack food is composed of 12% protein, 14% fat, and the rest carbohydrate. We need to find the percentage of calorie content contributed by fat. We are given the percentage of each macronutrient by mass, so let's assume 100g of the snack food to make our calculations easier. Protein: 12g Fat: 14g Carbohydrate: 74g (100g - 12g - 14g) Next, let's calculate the calories provided by each macronutrient: Protein: 12g 脳 4 kcal/g = 48 kcal Fat: 14g 脳 9 kcal/g = 126 kcal Carbohydrate: 74g 脳 4 kcal/g = 296 kcal Total calories in 100g of the snack food: 48 kcal + 126 kcal + 296 kcal = 470 kcal Now, let's find the percentage of calorie content from fat: Percentage of calorie content from fat = (Calories from fat / Total calories) 脳 100 = (126 kcal / 470 kcal) 脳 100 鈮� 26.81% So, about 26.81% of the calorie content of this snack food comes from fat.
03

(c) Finding the grams of protein needed for the same fuel value as 25g of fat

We are given that 25g of fat needs to be replaced with protein to provide the same fuel value. First, let's find the energy content of 25g of fat: Energy content of 25g of fat = 25g 脳 9 kcal/g = 225 kcal Now let's find the mass of protein needed to provide the same fuel value: Energy content of protein = 4 kcal/g Mass of protein needed = Energy content of replacement / Energy content of protein = 225 kcal / 4 kcal/g 鈮� 56.25g Therefore, about 56.25g of protein is needed to provide the same fuel value as 25g of fat.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Energy Content of Carbohydrates
When it comes to understanding how our body generates energy from food, it's essential to start with the basics: carbohydrates. Often the primary source of energy for many people, carbohydrates contain 4 kilocalories (kcal) of energy per gram. This unit of measurement, kcal, is commonly referred to as a calorie.

Simple carbohydrates, such as sugars found in fruits and sweets, and complex carbohydrates like those in grains and legumes, both provide the same amount of energy per gram. However, complex carbohydrates have the added benefit of providing fiber, which aids in digestion.

Energy Content of Fats
Fats, on the other hand, are calorically denser, harboring about 9 kcal per gram. This substantial energy content is why fats are so rich in calories and why they are considered an efficient form of stored energy in the body.

Due to their dense caloric content, fats are often targeted for reduction by those seeking to manage their weight. However, it's important to recognize that some fats are essential for health, aiding in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, and providing the necessary fatty acids that our bodies cannot produce on their own.

Caloric Contribution by Macronutrients
Understanding the caloric contribution of macronutrients is paramount for those managing their dietary intake. Every gram of protein provides 4 kcal, making its energy content equivalent to carbohydrates. This uniformity allows for easier comparisons when calculating dietary needs or restrictions.

Using the food label from a package, one can discern the caloric distribution among macronutrients and make informed decisions based on their energy goals, whether for weight management, athletic performance, or health conditions that dictate specific macronutrient requirements.

Macronutrient Comparison
Comparing macronutrients is insightful for anyone curious about dietary planning or understanding the energy yield of foods. Given equal masses, fats provide more than twice the calories of proteins or carbohydrates. This high-energy yield might explain why fat-rich foods are more satiating, leaving one feeling full for longer periods.

This comparison is crucial when optimizing diets for different objectives, such as increasing muscle mass, where more protein might be prioritized, or providing long-lasting energy, potentially making a slightly higher fat intake favorable.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Methanol (CH \(_{3} \mathrm{OH}\) ) is used as a fuel in race cars. (a) Write a balanced equation for the combustion of liquid methanol in air. (b) Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the reaction, assuming \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g)\) as a product. (c) Calculate the heat produced by combustion per liter of methanol. Methanol has a density of 0.791 \(\mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL}\) . (d) Calculate the mass of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) produced per kJ of heat emitted.

Write balanced equations that describe the formation of the following compounds from elements in their standard states, and then look up the standard enthalpy of formation for each substance in Appendix C: (a) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}(g),(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{CaCO}_{3}(s)\) (c) \(\mathrm{POCl}_{3}(l),(\mathbf{d}) \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}(l) .\)

(a) When a 4.25 -g sample of solid ammonium nitrate dissolves in 60.0 g of water in a coffee-cup calorimeter (Figure 5.18), the temperature drops from 22.0 to \(16.9^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) . Calculate \(\Delta H\left(\) in \(\mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol} \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)\) for the solution process: $$\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{3}(s) \longrightarrow \mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}(a q)$$ Assume that the specific heat of the solution is the same as that of pure water. (b) Is this process endothermic or exothermic?

Ozone, \(\mathrm{O}_{3}(g),\) is a form of elemental oxygen that plays an important role in the absorption of ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere. It decomposes to \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(g)\) at room temperature and pressure according to the following reaction: $$2 \mathrm{O}_{3}(g) \longrightarrow 3 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \quad \Delta H=-284.6 \mathrm{kJ}$$ (a) What is the enthalpy change for this reaction per mole of \(\mathrm{O}_{3}(g) ?\) (b) Which has the higher enthalpy under these conditions, 2 \(\mathrm{O}_{3}(g)\) or 3 \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) ?\)

Suppose an Olympic diver who weighs 52.0 kg executes a straight dive from a 10-m platform. At the apex of the dive, the diver is 10.8 m above the surface of the water. (a) What is the potential energy of the diver at the apex of the dive, relative to the surface of the water? (b) Assuming that all the potential energy of the diver is converted into kinetic energy at the surface of the water, at what speed, in m/s, will the diver enter the water? (c) Does the diver do work on entering the water? Explain.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.