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Chapter 7: Problem 61

(a) What is meant by the terms acidic oxide and basic oxide? (b) How can we predict whether an oxide will be acidic or basic based on its composition?

Short Answer

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(a) An acidic oxide is an oxide that reacts with a base to form a salt and water, usually containing non-metal elements. A basic oxide reacts with an acid to form a salt and water, typically containing metal elements. (b) To predict the nature of an oxide, observe the element combined with oxygen. If it's a metal, the oxide is likely basic; if it's a non-metal, the oxide is likely acidic. For example, \(Na_2O\) (sodium oxide) is basic and \(SO_2\) (sulfur dioxide) is acidic.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of acidic oxide and basic oxide

An acidic oxide is an oxide that can react with a base to form a salt and water. These oxides usually contain non-metal elements. A basic oxide, on the other hand, is an oxide that can react with an acid to form a salt and water. Basic oxides typically contain metal elements.
02

Predicting the nature of oxide

To predict whether an oxide will be acidic or basic based on its composition, we need to observe the element with which it is combined. If the element is a metal, the oxide is likely to be basic. Conversely, if the element is a non-metal, the oxide is likely to be acidic. For example, \(Na_2O\), which is sodium oxide, is composed of a metallic element (sodium) and oxygen. Therefore, we can predict that it will be a basic oxide. On the other hand, \(SO_2\) (sulfur dioxide) is composed of a non-metal element (sulfur) and oxygen, so it's more likely to be an acidic oxide.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In Table \(7.8\), the bonding atomic radius of neon is listed as \(0.58\) \(\AA\), whereas that for xenon is listed as \(1.40 \AA\). A classmate of yours states that the value for Xe is more realistic than the one for Ne. Is she correct? If so, what is the basis for her statement?

(a) Because an exact outer boundary cannot be measured or even calculated for an atom, how are atomic radii determined? (b) What is the difference between a bonding radius and a nonbonding radius? (c) For a given element, which one is larger? (d) If a free atom reacts to become part of a molecule, would you say that the atom gets smaller or larger?

(a) As described in Section 7.7, the alkali metals react with hydrogen to form hydrides and react with halogens to form halides. Compare the roles of hydrogen and halogens in these reactions. How are the forms of hydrogen and halogens in the products alike? (b) Write balanced equations for the reaction of fluorine with calcium and for the reaction of hydrogen with calcium. What are the similarities among the products of these reactions?

Find three examples of ions in the periodic table that have an electron configuration of \(n d^{8}(n=3,4,5, \ldots)\).

Compare the elements bromine and chlorine with respect to the following properties: (a) electron configuration, (b) most common ionic charge, (c) first ionization energy, (d) reactivity toward water, (e) electron affinity, (f) atomic radius. Account for the differences between the two elements.
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