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Chapter 4: Q129CP (page 184)

The salinityof a solution is defined as the grams of total salts per kilogram of solution. An agricultural chemist uses a solution whose salinity is 35.0 g/kg to test the effect of irrigating farmland with high-salinity river water. The two solutes are NaCl and MgSO4, and there are twice as many moles of NaCl as MgSO4. What masses of NaCl and MgSO4are contained in 1.00 kg of the solution?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The mass of NaCl and MgSO4 in the solution is 17.2 g and 17.8 g, respectively.

Step by step solution

01

Determination of moles of NaCl and MgSO4

Let the moles of MgSO4 in 1.00 kg solution be 鈥榓鈥� and the moles of NaCl in 1.00 kg solution be 鈥�2a鈥�.

Conversion of moles into mass,

MassofMgSO4='a'mol脳120.38g/molMassofNaCI='2a'mol脳58.44g/mol

The salinity of the solution is 35.0 g/kg.

So, mass of solute in 1.00 kg = 35.0 g.

Now, moles to the given mass are,

('a'mol脳120.38g/mol)脳('2a'mol脳58.44g/mol)=35.0ga=0.1475mol

Thus,

Moles of MgSO4 = 鈥榓鈥� = 0.1475 mol

Moles of NaCl = 鈥�2a鈥� = 0.295 mol

02

Determination of mass of NaCl and MgSO4

The mass of NaCl is,

Mass=('2a'mol脳58.44g/mol)=0.295mol脳58.44g/mol=17.2g

The mass of MgSO4 is,

Mass=('2a'mol脳120.38g/mol)=0.1475mol脳120.38g/mol=17.8g

Thus, the mass of NaCl and MgSO4 in the solution is 17.2 g and 17.8 g, respectively.

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