/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 17 List several common acids and wh... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 13: Problem 17

List several common acids and where they might be found.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Common acids include Hydrochloric acid (stomach), Sulfuric acid (car batteries), Nitric acid (fertilizers), Acetic acid (vinegar), Citric acid (citrus fruits), Lactic acid (sour milk products), and Carbonic acid (carbonated beverages).

Step by step solution

01

Acid Identification

First, identify common acids that are widely known and used. This includes identifying acids such as Hydrochloric acid, Sulfuric acid, Nitric acid, Acetic acid, Citric acid, Lactic acid, and Carbonic acid.
02

Source Determination

Next, determine where each acid can typically be found. Hydrochloric acid is found in the stomach. Sulfuric acid is used in car batteries. Nitric acid is used in fertilizers. Acetic acid is found in vinegar. Citric acid is present in citrus fruits like lemons and oranges. Lactic acid is produced in muscles during exercise and found in sour milk products like yogurt. Carbonic acid is found in carbonated beverages.
03

Application Listing

List the applications or sources of each acid. Hydrochloric acid (stomach), Sulfuric acid (car batteries), Nitric acid (fertilizers), Acetic acid (vinegar), Citric acid (citrus fruits), Lactic acid (sour milk products), Carbonic acid (carbonated beverages).

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Acid Identification
Understanding what an acid is and being able to identify common acids are foundational skills in chemistry. An acid is a substance that donates protons or hydrogen ions and/or accepts electrons. Most acids have a sour taste, can turn blue litmus paper red, and react with bases to form salts and water. Here are some widely recognized acids:

  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
  • Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
  • Nitric acid (HNO3)
  • Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
  • Citric acid (C6H8O7)
  • Lactic acid (C3H6O3)
  • Carbonic acid (H2CO3)

Each acid has distinct properties and behaviors which can be studied through experiments or inferred from their chemical structure. For example, we can identify hydrochloric acid as a strong acid commonly used in various chemical processes due to its high reactivity and simple ionization in water.
Source Determination
Once we've identified common acids, the next step is understanding where they're found. Knowing the source of an acid is crucial in various fields, from industrial manufacturing to biology.

  • Hydrochloric acid is naturally present in the gastric acid of the stomach, aiding digestion.
  • Sulfuric acid is industrially important and is a component of car batteries.
  • Nitric acid is used primarily in making fertilizers and explosives due to its highly reactive nature.
  • Acetic acid gives vinegar its distinctive sour taste and smell, and is used as a preservative.
  • Citric acid is found in citrus fruits and adds a tart flavor to food and drinks.
  • Lactic acid is produced in muscle cells during intense exercise and is also in fermented dairy products.
  • Carbonic acid forms when carbon dioxide is dissolved in water and is a key component in carbonated beverages.

This knowledge can be applied, for instance, in the food industry to enhance flavors, or in medicine to address conditions such as acid reflux.
Chemical Applications
The practical uses of acids extend far beyond a laboratory. In the real world, acids are vital components in a vast array of applications.

  • Hydrochloric acid is used for refining metal in the production of steel and in cleaning products.
  • Sulfuric acid, due to its strong acidic properties, is used in oil refining and wastewater processing.
  • Nitric acid is employed in manufacturing ammonium nitrate for fertilizers and as a part of the nitration process for explosives.
  • Acetic acid in the form of vinegar is utilized for culinary, cleaning, and medicinal purposes.
  • Citric acid is a popular preservative and is used to add an acidic (sour) taste to foods and soft drinks.
  • Lactic acid finds use in the food industry to adjust acidity levels and in cosmetics for its hydrating properties.
  • Carbonic acid is critical in maintaining the pH balance in beverages and also plays a role in the global carbon cycle.

From food preservation to metal fabrication and biomedical applications, the versatility of acids is due to their ability to engage in chemical reactions that are essential to many processes.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

What are the properties of acids?

Write a chemical reaction to show how \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}\) forms sulfuric acid in the atmosphere.

Suppose that \(250.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of a basic solution is \(0.100 \mathrm{M}\) in \(\mathrm{KOH}\). What volume of a \(0.200 \mathrm{MHCl}\) solution would be required to completely neutralize the basic solution?

Write a chemical equation using Lewis structures for the reaction of hydrochloric acid with ammonia. Identify the Br酶nsted-Lowry acid and base in the reaction.

Explain how a leavening agent works.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.