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Chapter 25: Problem 94

Can a DNA strand bind to a complementary RNAstrand? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Yes, a DNA strand can bind to a complementary RNA strand through the process of nucleic acid hybridization. This occurs because the base pairing rules allow adenine in DNA to pair with uracil in RNA, and cytosine to pair with guanine, following Watson-Crick base pairs.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding DNA and RNA

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) and RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) are both nucleic acids that are involved in the genetic information storage and transfer processes. DNA consists of a double helix structure, while RNA is single-stranded. The main difference between DNA and RNA is the sugar molecule they contain - DNA has a deoxyribose sugar, whereas RNA has a ribose sugar. Another difference is the type of nitrogenous bases present in each molecule. DNA has Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G) whereas RNA has Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).
02

Base Pairing Rules

In the process of binding between DNA and RNA strands, specific pairs of nucleotides bind to each other following base pairing rules. Generally, Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) in DNA, or Uracil (U) in RNA, and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G). These are known as Watson-Crick base pairs.
03

DNA-RNA Hybridization

DNA-RNA hybridization, also known as nucleic acid hybridization, is the process in which a single-stranded DNA molecule (ssDNA) binds to a complementary single-stranded RNA molecule (ssRNA). This can occur because the base pairing between adenine and uracil in RNA is similar to the base pairing between adenine and thymine in DNA.
04

Conclusion

Yes, a DNA strand can bind to a complementary RNA strand through nucleic acid hybridization. This is possible due to the base pairing rules that allow adenine in DNA to pair with uracil in RNA, while cytosine and guanine pair as usual according to Watson-Crick base pairs.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Imagine a single DNA strand containing a section with the following base sequence: \(5^{\prime}\) -GCATTGGC-3'. What is the base sequence of the complementary strand? (The two strands of DNA will come together in an antiparallel fashion: that is, \(5^{\prime}\) - \(\mathrm{TAG}=3^{\prime}\) will bind to \(3^{\prime}\) - \(\mathrm{ATC}-5^{\prime}\).)

Give the general formula for any cyclic alkene, that is, a cyclic hydrocarbon with one double bond.

Write a condensed structural formula for each of the following: (a) an acid with the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}_{2}\), (b) a cyclic ketone with the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O},(\mathrm{c})\) a dihydroxy \(\mathrm{com}-\) pound with formula \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}_{2}\), (d) a cyclic ester with formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}_{2}\)

An organic compound is analyzed and found to contain \(66.7 \%\) carbon, \(11.2 \%\) hydrogen, and \(22.1 \%\) oxygen by mass. The compound boils at \(79.6^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). At \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(0.970 \mathrm{~atm}\), the vapor has a density of \(2.28 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{L}\). The compound has a carbonyl group and cannot be oxidized to a carboxylic acid. Suggest a structure for the compound.

In your own words, define the following terms (a) carbohydrate, (b) monosaccharide, (c) disaccharide, (d) polysaccharide.
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