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Chapter 24: Problem 19

Polydentate ligands can vary in the number of coordination positions they occupy. In each of the following, identify the polydentate ligand present and indicate the probable number of coordination positions it occupies: (a) \(\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{4}(0-\mathrm{phen})\right] \mathrm{Cl}_{3}\) (b) \(\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\right)\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{4}\right] \mathrm{Br}\) (c) \(\left[\mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{EDTA})\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)\right]^{-}\) (d) \(\left[\mathrm{Zn}(\mathrm{en})_{2}\right]\left(\mathrm{ClO}_{4}\right)_{2}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) The polydentate ligand is orthophenanthroline (0-phen), which is a bidentate ligand and occupies two coordination positions. (b) The polydentate ligand is oxalate ion (\(\mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{4}\)), which is a bidentate ligand and occupies two coordination positions. (c) The polydentate ligand is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), which is a hexadentate ligand and occupies six coordination positions. (d) The polydentate ligand is ethylenediamine (en), which is a bidentate ligand and occupies two coordination positions. In this complex, there are two ethylenediamine ligands, so there are a total of four occupied positions.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the polydentate ligand

In this complex, the polydentate ligand is 0-phen, which stands for orthophenanthroline.
02

Determine the number of coordination positions

Orthophenanthroline (0-phen) is a bidentate ligand, meaning it can occupy two coordination positions. (b) $\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\right)\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{4}\right] \mathrm{Br}$
03

Identify the polydentate ligand

In this complex, the polydentate ligand is \(\mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{4}\), which represents oxalate ion.
04

Determine the number of coordination positions

Oxalate ion is a bidentate ligand, meaning it can occupy two coordination positions. (c) $\left[\mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{EDTA})\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)\right]^{-}$
05

Identify the polydentate ligand

In this complex, the polydentate ligand is EDTA, which stands for ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.
06

Determine the number of coordination positions

EDTA is an hexadentate ligand, which means it can occupy six coordination positions. (d) \(\left[\mathrm{Zn}(\mathrm{en})_{2}\right]\left(\mathrm{ClO}_{4}\right)_{2}\)
07

Identify the polydentate ligand

In this complex, the polydentate ligand is en, which stands for ethylenediamine.
08

Determine the number of coordination positions

Ethylenediamine (en) is a bidentate ligand, meaning it can occupy two coordination positions. In this complex, there are two ethylenediamine ligands, so there are a total of four occupied positions.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The ion \(\left[\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{CN})_{6}\right]^{3-}\) has one unpaired electron, whereas \(\left[\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{NCS})_{6}\right]^{3-}\) has five unpaired electrons. From these results, what can you conclude about whether each complex is high spin or low spin? What can you say about the placement of \(\mathrm{NCS}^{-}\) in the spectrochemical series?

(a) What is meant by the term chelate effect? (b) What thermodynamic factor is generally responsible for the chelate effect? (c) Why are polydentate ligands often called sequestering agents?

When Alfred Werner was developing the field of coordination chemistry, it was argued by some that the optical activity he observed in the chiral complexes he had prepared was because of the presence of carbon atoms in the molecule. To disprove this argument, Werner synthesized a chiral complex of cobalt that had no carbon atoms in it, and he was able to resolve it into its enantiomers. Design a cobalt(III) complex that would be chiral if it could be synthesized and that contains no carbon atoms. (It may not be possible to synthesize the complex you design, but we won't worry about that for now.)

Which of the following objects is chiral? (a) a left shoe, (b) a slice of bread, (c) a wood screw, (d) a molecular model of \(\mathrm{Zn}(\mathrm{en}) \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\), (e) a typical golf club.

(a) What is the difference between Werner's concepts of primary valence and secondary valence? What terms do we now use for these concepts? (b) Why can the \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) molecule serve as a ligand but the \(\mathrm{BH}_{3}\) molecule cannot?
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