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Chapter 20: Problem 14

Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false: (a) If something is reduced, it is formally losing electrons. (b) A reducing agent gets oxidized as it reacts. (c) Oxidizing agents can convert \(\mathrm{CO}\) into \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
Statement (a) is false because when something is reduced, it gains electrons, not loses them. Statement (b) is true because a reducing agent gets oxidized as it reacts, meaning it loses electrons. Statement (c) is true, as oxidizing agents can convert CO into CO2 by increasing the oxidation state of the carbon atom.

Step by step solution

01

Statement (a) - Analyzing the concept of Reduction

In a redox (reduction-oxidation) reaction, reduction is the process where a species gains electrons. During this process, the species involved gets more negatively charged because of the additional negative charges from the electrons it acquires. So, if something is reduced, it is gaining electrons rather than losing them.
02

Statement (a) - True or False

Based on our analysis of the concept of reduction, the statement is false since something that is reduced gains electrons, not loses them.
03

Statement (b) - Analyzing the concept of Reducing Agent

A Reducing agent, also known as the reducing species, donates or loses electrons to another species in a redox reaction. In this process, it becomes oxidized as it undergoes a loss of electrons.
04

Statement (b) - True or False

Based on our analysis of the concept of a reducing agent, the statement is true because a reducing agent loses electrons and gets oxidized as it reacts.
05

Statement (c) - Analyzing the concept of Oxidizing Agent

An oxidizing agent is a species that gains electrons in a redox reaction. It oxidizes other species by taking their electrons while itself gets reduced. In the context of converting CO into CO2, an oxidizing agent would need to cause an increase in the oxidation state of the carbon atom. The chemical equation for the conversion of CO to CO2 is: \[CO + \frac{1}{2}O_2 \rightarrow CO_2\] In this reaction, Carbon monoxide (CO) gets oxidized, as the oxidation state of Carbon increases from +2 in CO to +4 in CO2.
06

Statement (c) - True or False

Based on our analysis, the statement is true, since an oxidizing agent can cause the conversion of CO into CO2, as it increases the oxidation state of the carbon atom.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The capacity of batteries such as the typical AA alkaline battery is expressed in units of milliamp-hours (mAh). An "AA" alkaline battery yields a nominal capacity of 2850 mAh. (a) What quantity of interest to the consumer is being expressed by the units of \(\mathrm{mAh}\) ? (b) The starting voltage of a fresh alkaline battery is \(1.55 \mathrm{~V}\). The voltage decreases during discharge and is \(0.80 \mathrm{~V}\) when the battery has delivered its rated capacity. If we assume that the voltage declines linearly as current is withdrawn, estimate the total maximum electrical work the battery could perform during discharge.

(a) Which electrode of a voltaic cell, the cathode or the anode, corresponds to the higher potential energy for the electrons? (b) What are the units for electrical potential? How does this unit relate to energy expressed in joules? (c) What is special about a standard cell potential?

(a) Based on standard reduction potentials, would you expect copper metal to oxidize under standard conditions in the presence of oxygen and hydrogen ions? (b) When the Statue of Liberty was refurbished, Teflon spacers were placed between the iron skeleton and the copper metal on the surface of the statue. What role do these spacers play?

From each of the following pairs of substances, use data in Appendix \(\mathrm{E}\) to choose the one that is the stronger oxidizing agent: (a) \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(g)\) or \(\mathrm{Br}_{2}(l)\) (b) \(\mathrm{Zn}^{2+}(a q)\) or \(\mathrm{Cd}^{2+}(a q)\) (c) \(\mathrm{BrO}_{3}^{-}(a q)\) or \(\mathrm{IO}_{3}^{-}(a q)\) (d) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}(a q)\) or \(\mathrm{O}_{3}(g)\)

A voltaic cell utilizes the following reaction: $$ 2 \mathrm{Fe}^{3+}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2}(g) \rightarrow \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{Fe}^{2+}(a q)+2 \mathrm{H}^{+}(a q) $$ (a) What is the emf of this cell under standard conditions? (b) What is the emf for this cell when \(\left[\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}\right]=2.50 \mathrm{M}\), \(P_{\mathrm{H}_{2}}=0.85 \mathrm{~atm},\left[\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}\right]=0.0010 M\), and the \(\mathrm{pH}\) in both compartments is \(5.00 ?\)
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