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Chapter 2: Problem 40

The elements of group 4 A show an interesting change in properties moving down the group. Give the name and chemical symbol of each element in the group, and label it as a nonmetal, metalloid, or metal.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The elements in Group 4A are Carbon (C) - Nonmetal, Silicon (Si) - Metalloid, Germanium (Ge) - Metalloid, Tin (Sn) - Metal, and Lead (Pb) - Metal.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the elements in Group 4A

To identify the elements in Group 4A, consult a periodic table. Group 4A elements are Carbon (C), Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge), Tin (Sn), and Lead (Pb).
02

Determine the chemical symbols

Once the elements in Group 4A are identified, write down their chemical symbols. These are: 1. Carbon - C 2. Silicon - Si 3. Germanium - Ge 4. Tin - Sn 5. Lead - Pb
03

Categorize the elements as nonmetal, metalloid, or metal

Now, classify these elements into one of the three categories: nonmetal, metalloid, or metal. 1. Carbon (C) - Nonmetal: Carbon has various allotropes, including diamond and graphite, and it forms covalent bonds; it does not possess the typical metallic properties. 2. Silicon (Si) - Metalloid: Silicon has properties of both metals and nonmetals. It is used as a semiconductor in electronics. 3. Germanium (Ge) - Metalloid: Germanium also has properties of both metals and nonmetals. It is also a semiconductor material used in electronics. 4. Tin (Sn) - Metal: Tin is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with a shiny metallic appearance. 5. Lead (Pb) - Metal: Lead is a heavy, dense, and soft metal which is highly malleable and ductile. It has a blueish-white appearance when freshly cut, but its surface tarnishes over time.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Name the following ionic compounds: (a) \(\mathrm{MgO}\), (b) \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\), (c) \(\mathrm{Li}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\), (d) \(\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{ClO}_{4}\right)_{2}\), (e) \(\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) (f) \(\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{OH})_{2},(\mathrm{~g}) \mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)_{2}\), (h) \(\mathrm{Cr}_{2}\left(\mathrm{CO}_{3}\right)_{3}\), (i) \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{CrO}_{4}\) (j) \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\).

Write the empirical formula corresponding to each of the following molecular formulas: (a) \(\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{Br}_{6}\) (b) \(\mathrm{C}_{\mathrm{s}} \mathrm{H}_{10}\) (c) \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{P}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{10}\) (e) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) (f) \(\mathrm{B}_{3} \mathrm{~N}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{6}\).

The natural abundance of \({ }^{3} \mathrm{He}\) is \(0.000137 \%\). (a) How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of \({ }^{3} \mathrm{He}\) ? (b) Based on the sum of the masses of their subatomic particles, which is expected to be more massive, an atom of \({ }^{3}\) He or an atom of \({ }^{3} \mathrm{H}\) (which is also called tritium)? (c) Based on your answer for part (b), what would need to be the precision of a mass spectrometer that is able to differentiate between peaks that are due to \({ }^{3} \mathrm{He}^{+}\) and \({ }^{3} \mathrm{H}^{+} ?\)

The periodic table helps organize the chemical behaviors of the elements. As a class discussion or as a short essay, describe how the table is organized, and mention as many ways as you can think of in which the position of an element in the table relates to the chemical and physical properties of the element.

The radius of an atom of krypton (Kr) is about \(1.9 \AA\). (a) Express this distance in nanometers \((\mathrm{nm})\) and in picometers (pm). (b) How many krypton atoms would have to be lined up to span \(1.0 \mathrm{~mm} ?(\mathrm{c})\) If the atom is assumed to be a sphere, what is the volume in \(\mathrm{cm}^{3}\) of a single Kr atom?
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