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As of the writing of this text, EPA standards limit atmospheric ozone levels in urban environments to 84 ppb. How many moles of ozone would there be in the air above Los Angeles County (area about 4000 square miles; consider a height of \(10 \mathrm{~m}\) above the ground) if ozone was at this concentration?

Short Answer

Expert verified
There would be approximately \(3.03 \times 10^5\) moles of ozone in the air above Los Angeles County if the ozone concentration was at the 84 ppb EPA standard.

Step by step solution

01

Convert the concentration of ozone in ppb to g/m³

Given that 1 ppb = 1 part per billion = \(10^{-9}\) parts, the concentration of ozone can be written as 84 parts per billion (84x\(10^{-9}\)). Now, we'll use the ideal gas law, \(PV = nRT\), where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature. We need to find the concentration in g/m³, so we have to rearrange the equation to solve for the mass density of ozone, m/V: \(m/V = \frac{n}{V} * M = \frac{P}{RT} * M\) Assuming standard atmospheric pressure (P = 1 atm) and temperature (T = 298 K), we can use R = 0.0821 L atm/mol K and the molecular weight of ozone (M = 48 g/mol) to calculate the mass density: \(m/V = \frac{1 \text{ atm}}{0.0821 \text{ L atm/mol K}\times 298 \text{ K}} \times 48 \text{ g/mol} \times 84 \times 10^{-9} \) \(m/V = 1.40 \times 10^{-4}\) g/m³
02

Calculate the volume of air above Los Angeles County

Los Angeles County has an area of approximately 4000 square miles. First, we will convert square miles into square meters using the conversion factor, 1 square mile = \(2.59 \times 10^{6}\) square meters: Area = 4000 square miles * \(2.59 \times 10^{6}\) m²/square mile = \(1.04 \times 10^{10}\) m² Assuming a height of 10 m above the ground, we can calculate the volume of air above Los Angeles County as follows: Volume = Area * Height = \(1.04 \times 10^{10}\) m² * 10 m = \(1.04 \times 10^{11}\) m³
03

Calculate the moles of ozone

Now we will calculate the moles of ozone using the mass density (in g/m³) and molecular weight of ozone (48 g/mol): Moles of ozone = \(\frac{Mass\ Density\ of\ Ozone × Volume\ of\ Air }{Molecular\ Weight\ of\ Ozone}\) Moles of ozone = \(\frac{1.40 \times 10^{-4} \text{ g/m³} × 1.04 \times 10^{11} \text{ m³}}{48 \text{ g/mol}}\) Moles of ozone = 3.03 x 10^5 mol Solution: There would be approximately 3.03 x 10^5 moles of ozone in the air above Los Angeles County if the ozone concentration was at the 84 ppb EPA standard.

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