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Chapter 18: Problem 65

Write balanced chemical equations for each of the following reactions: (a) The nitric oxide molecule undergoes photodissociation in the upper atmosphere. (b) The nitric oxide molecule undergoes photoionization in the upper atmosphere. (c) Nitric oxide undergoes oxidation by ozone in the stratosphere. (d) Nitrogen dioxide dissolves in water to form nitric acid and nitric oxide.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) \( NO \xrightarrow{\text{h谓}} N + O \) (b) \( NO + \text{h谓} \rightarrow NO^{+} + e^{-} \) (c) \( NO + O_{3} \rightarrow NO_{2} + O_{2} \) (d) \( 2NO_{2} + H_{2}O \rightarrow HNO_{3} + NO \)

Step by step solution

01

(a) Photodissociation of Nitric Oxide (NO)

For the photodissociation of nitric oxide, the equation is simply the process of breaking the NO molecule into its constituent atoms, nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O), upon the absorption of energy through exposure to sunlight: \( NO \xrightarrow{\text{h谓}} N + O \)
02

(b) Photoionization of Nitric Oxide (NO)

In the photoionization reaction, nitric oxide absorbs a photon of light and loses an electron, resulting in the formation of a positively charged ion (cation) and a free electron: \( NO + \text{h谓} \rightarrow NO^{+} + e^{-} \)
03

(c) Oxidation of Nitric Oxide (NO) by Ozone (O3) in the Stratosphere

In this reaction, nitric oxide reacts with ozone to form nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and diatomic oxygen (O2). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: \( NO + O_{3} \rightarrow NO_{2} + O_{2} \)
04

(d) Dissolution of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) in Water (H2O) to Form Nitric Acid (HNO3) and Nitric Oxide (NO)

When nitrogen dioxide dissolves in water, it forms nitric acid and nitric oxide. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: \( 2NO_{2} + H_{2}O \rightarrow HNO_{3} + NO \)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(a) Write a chemical equation that describes the attack of acid rain on limestone, \(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}\). (b) If a limestone sculpture were treated to form a surface layer of calcium sulfate, would this help to slow down the effects of acid rain? Explain.

Would you expect the substance \(\mathrm{CFBr}_{3}\) to be effective in depleting the ozone layer, assuming that it is present in the stratosphere? Explain.

(a) How are the boundaries between the regions of the atmosphere determined? (b) Explain why the stratosphere, which is more than 20 miles thick, has a smaller total mass than the troposphere, which is less than 10 miles thick.

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Suppose that on another planet the atmosphere consists of \(17 \% \mathrm{Kr}, 38 \% \mathrm{CH}_{4}\), and \(45 \% \mathrm{O}_{2}\). What is theaverage molar mass at the surface? What is the average molar mass at an altitude at which all the \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) is photodissociated?
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