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Chapter 17: Problem 103

In DNA, how many hydrogen bonds form between adenine and thymine? (17.3)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Two hydrogen bonds form between adenine and thymine.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the DNA Structure

DNA consists of two strands forming a double helix. The strands are composed of nucleotides, each containing a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
02

Identify the Nitrogenous Bases

The nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). Adenine always pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine.
03

Determine the Type of Bonds

The nitrogenous bases pair through hydrogen bonds. Adenine and thymine pair together using hydrogen bonds.
04

Counting the Hydrogen Bonds

There are exactly two hydrogen bonds that form between adenine and thymine.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

hydrogen bonds
Hydrogen bonds are a crucial aspect of DNA structure. They are weak bonds that form between a hydrogen atom and a more electronegative atom, like oxygen or nitrogen. These bonds play an important role in holding the two strands of DNA together, maintaining the double helix structure.
In the context of DNA base pairing:
  • Hydrogen bonds are responsible for the specific pairing of nitrogenous bases.
  • Adenine forms hydrogen bonds with thymine.
  • Cytosine forms hydrogen bonds with guanine.
The hydrogen bonds are essential for the stability of the DNA molecule, allowing it to carry genetic information accurately.
adenine
Adenine, often abbreviated as 'A', is one of the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA. It is classified as a purine base, which means it has a double-ring structure. Purine bases are larger than pyrimidine bases, which include thymine and cytosine.
Key characteristics of adenine:
  • It pairs specifically with thymine due to complementary hydrogen bonding.
  • Adenine and thymine form two hydrogen bonds, ensuring precise matching.
  • This specific pairing is fundamental for DNA replication and function.
Adenine's ability to form hydrogen bonds with thymine enables the DNA molecule to unzip and replicate correctly, ensuring genetic fidelity.
thymine
Thymine, abbreviated as 'T', is another essential nitrogenous base in DNA. Unlike adenine, thymine is classified as a pyrimidine base, which means it has a single-ring structure. This structural difference is crucial for the precise base pairing in the DNA molecule.
Notable features of thymine:
  • It pairs exclusively with adenine through the formation of two hydrogen bonds.
  • Thymine's single-ring structure allows it to fit perfectly with the double-ring structure of adenine.
  • The thymine-adenine pair ensures the integrity and stability of the DNA double helix.
This specific and stable pairing between thymine and adenine is what allows DNA to store genetic information reliably, ensuring that it can be accurately copied during cell division.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In DNA, how many hydrogen bonds form between guanine and cytosine? (17.3)

Match the following statements with rRNA, mRNA, or IRNA: (17.4) a. combines with proteins to form ribosomes b. brings amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis c. acts as a template for protein synthesis

Match each of the following processes ( \(\mathbf{1}\) to \(\mathbf{5}\) ) with one of the items (a to e): (17.3,17.4,17.5,17.7,17.8) (1) replication of DNA (2) transcription (3) translation (4) recombinant DNA (5) reverse transcription a. amino acids are linked together b. RNA template is used to synthesize DNA c. helicase unwinds DNA d. genctic information is transferred from DNA e. sticky ends join new DNA segment

A specific virus contains RNA as its genetic material. a. Why would reverse transcription be used in the life cycle of this type of virus? b. What is the name of this type of virus?

Identify each of the following as a nucleoside or a nucleotide: a. adenosine b. deoxycytidine c. uridine d. cytidine monophosphate
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