Chapter 7: Problem 11
Consider an airplane trip from Chicago, Illinois, to Denver, Colorado. List some path-dependent functions and some state functions for the plane trip.
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Chapter 7: Problem 11
Consider an airplane trip from Chicago, Illinois, to Denver, Colorado. List some path-dependent functions and some state functions for the plane trip.
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When 1.00 L of \(2.00 M \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) solution at \(30.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is added to \(2.00 \mathrm{L}\) of \(0.750 M \mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) solution at \(30.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) in a calorimeter, a white solid (BaSO\(_{4}\)) forms. The temperature of the mixture increases to \(42.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Assuming that the specific heat capacity of the solution is \(6.37 \mathrm{J} /^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \cdot \mathrm{g}\) and that the density of the final solution is \(2.00 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL},\) calculate the enthalpy change per mole of BaSO\(_{4}\) formed.
You have a 1.00 -mole sample of water at \(-30 .^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and you heat it until you have gaseous water at \(140 .^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Calculate \(q\) for the entire process. Use the following data. Specific heat capacity of ice \(=2.03 \mathrm{J} /^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \cdot \mathrm{g}\) Specific heat capacity of water \(=4.18 \mathrm{J} /^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \cdot \mathrm{g}\) Specific heat capacity of steam \(=2.02 \mathrm{J} /^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \cdot \mathrm{g}\) $$\begin{array}{ll}\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(s) \longrightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) & \Delta H_{\text {fusion }}=6.02 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\left(\mathrm{at} 0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right) \\\\\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g) & \Delta H_{\text {vaporization }}=40.7 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\left(\text { at } 100 .^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)\end{array}$$
The best solar panels currently available are about \(15 \%\) efficient in converting sunlight to electricity. A typical home will use about \(40 .\) kWh of electricity per day \((1 \mathrm{kWh}=1\) kilowatt hour; \(1 \mathrm{kW}=1000 \mathrm{J} / \mathrm{s}\) ). Assuming 8.0 hours of useful sunlight per day, calculate the minimum solar panel surface area necessary to provide all of a typical home's electricity. (See Exercise 124 for the energy rate supplied by the sun.)
The enthalpy of combustion of solid carbon to form carbon dioxide is \(-393.7 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\) carbon, and the enthalpy of combustion of carbon monoxide to form carbon dioxide is \(-283.3 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\) CO. Use these data to calculate \(\Delta H\) for the reaction $$2 \mathrm{C}(s)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{CO}(g)$$
A system undergoes a process consisting of the following two steps: Step 1: The system absorbs \(72 \mathrm{J}\) of heat while \(35 \mathrm{J}\) of work is done on it. Step 2: The system absorbs \(35 \mathrm{J}\) of heat while performing \(72 \mathrm{J}\) of work. Calculate \(\Delta E\) for the overall process.
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