Chapter 21: Problem 103
Which of the noncyclic isomers of bromochloropropene are optically active?
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Chapter 21: Problem 103
Which of the noncyclic isomers of bromochloropropene are optically active?
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Three different organic compounds have the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}\). Only two of these isomers react with KMnO_ (a strong oxidizing agent). What are the names of the products when these isomers react with excess \(\mathrm{KMnO}_{4} ?\)
Ethylene oxide,is an important industrial chemical. Although most ethers are unreactive, ethylene oxide is quite reactive. It resembles \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}\) in its reactions in that addition reactions occur across the C-O bond in ethylene oxide. a. Why is ethylene oxide so reactive? (Hint: Consider the bond angles in ethylene oxide as compared with those predicted by the VSEPR model.) b. Ethylene oxide undergoes addition polymerization, forming a polymer used in many applications requiring a nonionic surfactant. Draw the structure of this polymer.
Consider a sample of a hydrocarbon at 0.959 atm and \(298 \mathrm{K}\). Upon combusting the entire sample in oxygen, you collect a mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and water vapor at 1.51 atm and 375 K. This mixture has a density of 1.391 g/L and occupies a volume four times as large as that of the pure hydrocarbon. Determine the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon and name it.
If one hydrogen in a hydrocarbon is replaced by a halogen atom, the number of isomers that exist for the substituted compound depends on the number of types of hydrogen in the original hydrocarbon. Thus there is only one form of chloroethane (all hydrogens in ethane are equivalent), but there are two isomers of propane that arise from the substitution of a methyl hydrogen or a methylene hydrogen. How many isomers can be obtained when one hydrogen in each of the compounds named below is replaced by a chlorine atom? a. \(n\) -pentane c. 2,4 -dimethylpentane b. 2 -methylbutane d. methylcyclobutane
ABS plastic is a tough, hard plastic used in applications requiring shock resistance. The polymer consists of three monomer units: acrylonitrile \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{N}\right),\) butadiene \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{6}\right),\) and styrene \(\left(\mathbf{C}_{8} \mathbf{H}_{8}\right)\) a. Draw two repeating units of ABS plastic assuming that the three monomer units react in a 1: 1: 1 mole ratio and react in the same order as the monomers listed above. b. A sample of ABS plastic contains \(8.80 \%\) N by mass. It took 0.605 g Br_ to react completely with a 1.20-g sample of ABS plastic. What is the percent by mass of acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene in this polymer sample? c. ABS plastic does not react in a 1: 1: 1 mole ratio among the three monomer units. Using the results from part b, determine the relative numbers of the monomer units in this sample of ABS plastic.
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