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Chapter 18: Problem 3

Which type of radioactive decay has the net effect of changing a neutron into a proton? Which type of decay has the net effect of turning a proton into a neutron?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Beta-minus (尾-) decay has the net effect of changing a neutron into a proton, while beta-plus (尾+) decay or positron emission has the net effect of turning a proton into a neutron.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the decay that changes a neutron into a proton

There are different types of radioactive decay, and one type is called beta (尾) decay, more specifically, beta-minus (尾-) decay. In beta-minus decay, a neutron is changed into a proton. This type of decay involves the emission of an electron (e-) and an antineutrino (\(\bar{\nu}\)). An example of this type of decay is: \[n \rightarrow p + e^{-} + \bar{\nu}\] In this equation, n (neutron) changes into p (proton) by emitting an electron (e-) and an antineutrino (\(\bar{\nu}\)). Therefore, beta-minus decay changes a neutron into a proton.
02

Identify the decay that changes a proton into a neutron

Now, we want to identify the type of radioactive decay that changes a proton into a neutron. This type is called beta-plus (尾+) decay or positron emission. In beta-plus decay, a proton is changed into a neutron. This type of decay involves the emission of a positron (e+) and a neutrino (谓). An example of this type of decay is: \[p \rightarrow n + e^{+} + \nu\] In this equation, p (proton) changes into n (neutron) by emitting a positron (e+) and a neutrino (谓). Therefore, beta-plus decay changes a proton into a neutron.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Using the kinetic molecular theory (see Section 8.6), calculate the root mean square velocity and the average kinetic energy of \(_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H}\) nuclei at a temperature of \(4 \times 10^{7} \mathrm{K}\). (See Exercise 50 for the appropriate mass values.)

Uranium- 235 undergoes many different fission reactions. For one such reaction, when \(^{235} \mathrm{U}\) is struck with a neutron, \(^{144} \mathrm{Ce}\) and \(^{90}\) Sr are produced along with some neutrons and electrons. How many neutrons and \(\beta\) -particles are produced in this fission reaction?

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