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Chapter 35: Problem 9

For any given chemical reaction, if the sum of the enthalpies of atom combination for all of the reactants is more negative than the sum of the enthalpies of atom combination for all of the products, will the value of \(\Delta H^{\circ}\) for the reaction be positive or negative? Explain your reasoning.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The value of \(\Delta H^{\circ}\) for the reaction will be negative. This is because the reactants release more energy when they form than the products require to form. When the energy released exceeds the energy that needs to be absorbed, the reaction releases energy overall, making \(\Delta H^{\circ}\) negative and hence, the reaction is exothermic.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the concepts

Before solving the problem, it should be clarified what enthalpies of atom combination mean. Enthalpy of atom combination is the energy change when atoms combine to form molecules. It can be either negative (exothermic, releases energy) or positive (endothermic, absorbs energy). Likewise, \(\Delta H^{\circ}\), the standard enthalpy change, is the heat absorbed or released in a reaction carried out under standard conditions.
02

Applying reasoning in given situation

In the given problem, the sum of the enthalpies of atom combination for all the reactants is stated to be more negative than the sum of the enthalpies for all the products. This means that the reactants release more energy when they are formed than this energy products need to form. Therefore, additional energy is released, this energy is exactly the energy that comes extra from the reaction.
03

Conclusion about \(\Delta H^{\circ}\)

Because the reaction releases additional energy, the enthalpy change \(\Delta H^{\circ}\) for this reaction will be negative. This is because a negative \(\Delta H^{\circ}\) reflects that a reaction is exothermic, and energy (as heat) is released from the system to surroundings.

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