Problem 4 Why is the situation of equal nu... [FREE SOLUTION]

Chapter 12: Problem 4

Why is the situation of equal numbers of spin up and spin down electrons referred to as all the electrons being "paired"?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Equal numbers of spin up and spin down electrons are referred to as being 'paired' because of the Pauli Exclusion Principle. This principle forces two electrons in the same orbital to have opposing spins, thus making them a 'pair'.

Step by step solution

Understanding Spin Quantum Number

The Spin Quantum Number is a characteristic of electrons, and it can be either +1/2 (up) or -1/2 (down). This means that an electron can spin in one of two opposite directions.

Pauli Exclusion Principle

The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that two fermions, such as electrons in an atom, cannot occupy the same quantum state simultaneously. Meaning, two electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins (+1/2 and -1/2).

Elucidating Electron Pairing

When we say that electrons are 'paired', it specifically means that one electron (with a spin of +1/2) is paired with another electron (with a spin of -1/2) in the same orbital. This is due to the Pauli Exclusion Principle. Thus, the term 'paired' is used when there are equal numbers of spin-up and spin-down electrons.

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Why is the situation of equal numbers of spin up and spin down electrons referred to as all the electrons being "paired"?

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Understanding Spin Quantum Number

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Elucidating Electron Pairing

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