Problem 7 Provide a shell model diagram fo... [FREE SOLUTION]

Chapter 6: Problem 7

Provide a shell model diagram for \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\) showing all electrons explicitly and then show how the core charge for \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\) was calculated.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The core charge for \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\) is +1. The shell model diagram consists of 2 electrons in the first shell (1s), 8 in the second shell (2s and 2p), and 8 in the third shell (3s and 3p).

Step by step solution

Identify the atomic number

Potassium has atomic number 19. Therefore, in the ground state, it has 19 electrons. But in \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\) , it has lost 1 electron and therefore has only 18 electrons.

Draw the shell model diagram

Draw the shell model with 2 electrons in the first shell (1s), 8 in the second shell (2s and 2p), and 8 in the third shell (3s and 3p). The third shell is now full due to the loss of an electron in the 4s subshell. As the electron present in the 4s level is lost, this shell will no longer be represented in the shell model diagram.

Calculate the core charge

The core charge (\(Z_{eff}\)) is calculated as the atomic number (\(Z\)) minus the number of inner shell (core) electrons. In this case, \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\) had lost one electron leaving 18 electrons, so the core charge is \(Z_{eff} = Z - inner\ shell\ electrons = 19 - 18 = +1\)

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91影视

Provide a shell model diagram for \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\) showing all electrons explicitly and then show how the core charge for \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\) was calculated.

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Identify the atomic number

Draw the shell model diagram

Calculate the core charge

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