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Chapter 5: Problem 9

How does the core charge for Na compare to the core charge for Li?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The core charge for Sodium (Na) is greater than the core charge for Lithium (Li).

Step by step solution

01

Determine the Atomic Number and the Inner Shell Electrons

The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of its atom. Sodium has 11 protons and Lithium has 3. Furthermore, both Sodium and Lithium have 2 inner shell electrons.
02

Calculate the Core Charge

The core charge is the atomic number minus the number of inner shell electrons. The core charge for Sodium is calculated as 11 (atomic number) - 2 (inner shell electrons) = 9. Similarly, the core charge for Lithium is 3 (atomic number) - 2 (inner shell electrons) = 1.
03

Compare the Core Charges

Comparing the calculated core charges, Sodium has a higher core charge (9) compared to Lithium (1). Thus, the core charge for Sodium is greater than that for Lithium.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

a) How many electrons are in the valence shell of \(\mathrm{H}\) ? Of He? Of Li? b) How many inner shell (core) electrons does H have? He? Li? c) What is the core charge of \(\mathrm{H}\) ? Of He? Of \(\mathrm{Li}\) ?

a) Why is the nuclear charge of Be "+4"? b) How many inner shell (core) electrons does Be have? c) How many valence electrons does Be have? d) Show how the core charge for Be was calculated. e) What is the relationship between the number of valence electrons and the core charge of a neutral atom?

How many electrons does Na have in shell \(n=1 ? n=2 ? n=3 ?\)

Locate \(\mathrm{F}\) and \(\mathrm{Cl}\) on the periodic table. a) Describe any relationship between the core charge of these atoms, the number of valence electrons, and their position in the periodic table. b) Describe any relationship between the valence shell of these atoms and their position in the periodic table. c) Within our model and referring to the Coulombic Potential Energy expression, explain why the \(\mathrm{IE}_{1}\) of \(\mathrm{Cl}\) is less than that of \(\mathrm{F}\).

Based on its position in the periodic table, what is the valence shell and what is the core charge for \(\mathrm{C}\). Explain your reasoning.
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