/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 105 Part of a certain DNA sequence i... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 22: Problem 105

Part of a certain DNA sequence is \(\mathrm{G}-\mathrm{G}-\mathrm{T}-\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{T}-\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{T}-\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{C} .\) What is the complementary sequence?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The complementary sequence to the given DNA sequence \(G-G-T-C-T-A-T-A-C\) is \(C-C-A-G-A-T-A-T-G\), based on the base pairing rules of Adenine (A) with Thymine (T) and Guanine (G) with Cytosine (C).

Step by step solution

01

Understand the base pairing in DNA.

Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C). So in a DNA strand, if there are bases A, T, G, C the respective complementary bases would be T, A, C, G.
02

Look at the given DNA sequence.

The provided DNA sequence is G-G-T-C-T-A-T-A-C.
03

Write down the complementary bases for each base in the sequence.

By referring to the base pairing rule in DNA, the complementary sequence to G-G-T-C-T-A-T-A-C would be C-C-A-G-A-T-A-T-G. Summary: The complementary sequence to G-G-T-C-T-A-T-A-C is C-C-A-G-A-T-A-T-G.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Complementary Sequence
DNA is composed of two strands that form a double helix structure. Each strand is made up of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA. Complementary sequences are formed based on the specific pairing rules of these nucleotides. In DNA, adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). These pairings occur because of hydrogen bonding between the nucleotides.

To find the complementary sequence of a DNA strand, you'll match each base with its correct partner. For example, if you have a DNA sequence like G-G-T-C-T-A-T-A-C, each of these bases will pair with its complement:
  • Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C)
  • Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G)
  • Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T)
  • Thymine (T) pairs with Adenine (A)
The complementary sequence for the example will be C-C-A-G-A-T-A-T-G. This process is critical for DNA replication and ensures that genetic information is precisely copied.
Genetics
Genetics is the study of heredity, focusing on how traits and characteristics are passed from parents to offspring. The fundamental unit of heredity is the gene, which is made up of DNA. Genetic information is stored in the sequence of nucleotides within the DNA. Each person's genetic makeup is unique, thanks to the variations in their DNA sequence.

Complementary base pairing is vital in genetics. During DNA replication, the double-stranded structure of DNA unzips, and each strand acts as a template to create a matching new strand. Thus, identical genetic material is reproduced for new cells, ensuring consistency in traits and functions within an organism.

Genetic mutations can occur if there is an error in base pairing during replication. These changes can lead to differences in traits or, in some cases, genetic disorders. Understanding genetics involves exploring these patterns and making connections between DNA sequences and observable traits.
Nucleotides
Nucleotides are the essential building blocks of DNA and RNA, consisting of three components: a phosphate group, a sugar molecule (deoxyribose in DNA), and a nitrogenous base. The nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).

Each nucleotide is linked to its neighbors through phosphodiester bonds, forming a long chain. When these chains spiral around each other, they create the double helix structure of DNA. The sequence of nucleotides along a DNA strand encodes genetic information.

Nucleotides play a crucial role in various cellular processes:
  • They store and transfer genetic information.
  • They facilitate DNA replication through complementary base pairing.
  • They are involved in protein synthesis via transcription and translation.
Understanding nucleotides and their interactions is key to deciphering how genetic instructions are written and executed within living organisms.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

The following organic compounds cannot exist. Why? a. 2 -chloro-2-butyne b. 2 -methyl-2-propanone c. 1,1 -dimethylbenzene d. 2 -pentanal e. 3 -hexanoic acid f. 5,5 -dibromo-1-cyclobutanol

Draw structural formulas for each of the following alcohols. Indicate whether the alcohol is primary, secondary, or tertiary. a. 1 -butanol c. 2 -methyl-1-butanol b. 2 -butanol d. 2-methyl-2-butanol

Answer the following questions regarding the formation of polymers. a. What structural features must be present in a monomer in order to form a homopolymer polyester? b. What structural features must be present in the monomers in order to form a copolymer polyamide? (Hint: Nylon is an example of a polyamide. When the monomers link together to form nylon, an amide functional group results from each linkage.) c. What structural features must be present in a monomer that can form both an addition polymer and a condensation polymer?

Ethylene oxide, is an important industrial chemical. Although most ethers are unreactive, ethylene oxide is quite reactive. It resembles \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}\) in its reactions in that addition reactions occur across the \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}\) bond in ethylene oxide. a. Why is ethylene oxide so reactive? (Hint: Consider the bond angles in ethylene oxide as compared with those predicted by the VSEPR model.) b. Ethylene oxide undergoes addition polymerization, forming a polymer used in many applications requiring a nonionic surfactant. Draw the structure of this polymer.

For each of the following, fill in the blank with the correct response. All of these fill-in-the-blank problems pertain to material covered in the sections on alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and hydrocarbon derivatives. a. The first "organic" compound to be synthesized in the laboratory, rather than being isolated from nature, was ____ ,which was prepared from _______. b. An organic compound whose carbon-carbon bonds are all single bonds is said to be _________. c. The general orientation of the four pairs of electrons around the carbon atoms in alkanes is _______. d. Alkanes in which the carbon atoms form a single unbranched chain are said to be _______ alkanes. e. Structural isomerism occurs when two molecules have the same number of each type of atom but exhibit different arrangements of the _____ between those atoms. f. The systematic names of all saturated hydrocarbons have the ending _____ added to a root name that indicates the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. g.For a branched hydrocarbon, the root name for the hydrocarbon comes from the number of carbon atoms in the _______ continuous chain in the molecule. h.The positions of substituents along the hydrocarbon framework of a molecule are indicated by the _______ of the carbon atom to which the substituents are attached. i. The major use of alkanes has been in _______ reactions, as a source of heat and light. j. With very reactive agents, such as the halogen elements, alkanes undergo ________ reactions, whereby a new atom replaces one or more hydrogen atoms of the alkane. k. Alkenes and alkynes are characterized by their ability to undergo rapid, complete _______ reactions, by which other atoms attach themselves to the carbon atoms of the double or triple bond. l. Unsaturated fats may be converted to saturated fats by the process of __________. m. Benzene is the parent member of the group of hydrocarbons called ______ hydrocarbons. n.An atom or group of atoms that imparts new and characteristic properties to an organic molecule is called a ______ group. o.A _______ alcohol is one in which there is only one hydrocarbon group attached to the carbon atom holding the hydroxyl group. p.The simplest alcohol, methanol, is prepared industrially by the hydrogenation of ______. q. Ethanol is commonly prepared by ______ the of certain sugars by yeast. r. Both aldehydes and ketones contain ______ the but they differ in where this group occurs along the hvdrocarbon chain. s. Aldehydes and ketones can be prepared by of______ the corresponding alcohol. t. Organic acids, which contain the ________ group, are typically weak acids. u. The typically sweet-smelling compounds called ____ result from the condensation reaction of an organic acid with an ________.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.