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Chapter 22: Problem 44

Name the following compounds. a. CC=C(C)Br \(\mathbf{b}\). CCCC(CC)=C(C)CC c.

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. 2-bromo-4-methyl-2-butene b. 4,7-dimethyl-6-octene

Step by step solution

01

Draw the compound structure

Draw out the compound using the given SMILES notation: CC=C(C)Br. It helps to visualize and identify the functional groups and longest carbon chain. Next, identify the parent chain and numbering.
02

Identify and number the parent chain

Find the longest continuous carbon chain in the compound, including the carbon atoms with functional groups attached. The chain has 4 carbon atoms with a double bond between the 2nd and 3rd carbon. Number the chain in such a way that the double bond and bromine receives the lowest possible numbers. In this case, the numbering is from left to right. Locate the functional groups and their positions.
03

Locate the functional groups

The compound has an alkene (\(C=C\)) and a bromo group (\(Br\)) attached to the 2nd and 4th carbons, respectively. According to IUPAC nomenclature, the alkene (\(C=C\)) has priority over the bromo group (\(Br\)). Name the compound.
04

Name the compound

Combine the parent chain, functional groups, and their positions to generate the IUPAC name: 2-bromo-4-methyl-2-butene \(\mathbf{b}\). CCCC(CC)=C(C)CC First, draw the compound structure.
05

Draw the compound structure

Draw out the compound using the given SMILES notation: CCCC(CC)=C(C)CC. It helps to visualize and identify the functional groups and longest carbon chain. Next, identify the parent chain and numbering.
06

Identify and number the parent chain

Find the longest continuous carbon chain in the compound, which has 8 carbon atoms with a double bond between the 6th and 7th carbon. Number the chain from the left to right so that the double bond has the lowest possible number. Locate the functional groups and their positions.
07

Locate the functional groups

The compound has an alkene (\(C=C\)) on 6th position and methyl groups (\(CH_3\)) on the 4th and 7th carbons. Name the compound.
08

Name the compound

Combine the parent chain, functional groups, and their positions to generate the IUPAC name: 4,7-dimethyl-6-octene

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Consider the compounds butanoic acid, pentanal, \(n\) -hexane, and 1-pentanol. The boiling points of these compounds (in no specific order) are \(69^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, 103^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, 137^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), and \(164^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Match the boil- ing points to the correct compound.

"Super glue" contains methyl cyanoacrylate, C=C(C)C(=O)OC which readily polymerizes upon exposure to traces of water or alcohols on the surfaces to be bonded together. The polymer provides a strong bond between the two surfaces. Draw the structure of the polymer formed by methyl cyanoacrylate.

Why is it preferable to produce chloroethane by the reaction of \(\mathrm{HCl}(g)\) with ethene than by the reaction of \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(g)\) with ethane? (See Exercise 62.)

Choose one of the following terms to match the description given in statements (1)-(17). All of the following pertain to proteins or carbohydrates. a. aldohexose g. disaccharides \(\mathbf{m}\). ketohexoses b. saliva h. disulfide n. oxytocin c. cellulose i. globular o. pleated sheet d. \(\mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) j. glycogen p. polypeptide e. cysteine \(\mathbf{k}\). glycoside linkage q. primary structure f. denaturation 1\. hydrophobic (1) polymer consisting of many amino acids (2) linkage that forms between two cysteine species (3) peptide hormone that triggers milk secretion (4) proteins with roughly spherical shape (5) sequence of amino acids in a protein (6) silk protein secondary structure (7) water-repelling amino acid side chain (8) amino acid responsible for permanent wave in hair (9) breakdown of a protein's tertiary and/or secondary structure (10) animal polymer of glucose (11) \(-\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{C}-\) bond betwecn rings in disaccharide sugars (12) empirical formula leading to the name carbohydrate (13) where enzymes catalyzing the breakdown of glycoside linkages are found (14) six-carbon ketone sugars (15) structural component of plants, polymer of glucose (16) sugars consisting of two monomer units (17) six-carbon aldehyde sugars

In the presence of light, chlorine can substitute for one (or more) of the hydrogens in an alkane. For the following reactions, draw the possible monochlorination products. a. 2,2 -dimethylpropane \(+\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \stackrel{\mathrm{hv}}{\longrightarrow}\) b. 1,3 -dimethylcyclobutane \(+\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \stackrel{\text { hv }}{\longrightarrow}\) c. 2,3 -dimethylbutane \(+\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \stackrel{\mathrm{hv}^{-}}{\longrightarrow}\)
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