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Chapter 1: Problem 82

The properties of a mixture are typically averages of the properties of its components. The properties of a compound may differ dramatically from the properties of the elements that combine to produce the compound. For each process described below, state whether the material being discussed is most likely a mixture or a compound, and state whether the process is a chemical change or a physical change. a. An orange liquid is distilled, resulting in the collection of a yellow liquid and a red solid. b. A colorless, crystalline solid is decomposed, yielding a pale yellow-green gas and a soft, shiny metal. c. A cup of tea becomes sweeter as sugar is added to it.

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. Mixture, Physical change b. Compound, Chemical change c. Mixture, Physical change

Step by step solution

01

a. Identifying the material and process

First, let's analyze the given process: an orange liquid is distilled, resulting in the collection of a yellow liquid and a red solid. The mixture is separated into different parts, which means the interaction between the components wasn't strong enough to create a chemical bond. Thus, the material being discussed is most likely a mixture. Distillation is a separation process that doesn't involve changes in chemical composition, only in physical properties. So the process is a physical change, with no new substances being formed.
02

b. Identifying the material and process

Now, let's analyze the second process: a colorless, crystalline solid is decomposed, yielding a pale yellow-green gas and a soft, shiny metal. The solid material is decomposed into two separate substances with different physical and chemical properties. This suggests that the initial material is a compound, as it is formed from different elements bonded together. The process itself involves breaking chemical bonds and forming new substances, which indicates that this is a chemical change.
03

c. Identifying the material and process

Finally, let's analyze the third process: a cup of tea becomes sweeter as sugar is added to it. When sugar is added to the tea, both substances mix together but do not form new substances. This suggests that the material being discussed, in this case, the sweetened tea, is a mixture. As sugar dissolves in the tea, only the physical properties change without any new substances being formed. Hence, the process is a physical change. To summarize: a. Mixture, Physical change b. Compound, Chemical change c. Mixture, Physical change

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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