/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 91 The elements Si, Ga, As, Ge, Al,... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

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Chapter 7: Problem 91

The elements Si, Ga, As, Ge, Al, Cd, S, and Se are all used in the manufacture of various semiconductor devices. Write the expected electron configuration for these atoms.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The electron configurations for the given elements are as follows: 1. Silicon (Si) - \(1s^1 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^2\) 2. Gallium (Ga) - \(1s^1 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^1\) 3. Arsenic (As) - \(1s^1 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^3\) 4. Germanium (Ge) - \(1s^1 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^2\) 5. Aluminum (Al) - \(1s^1 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^1\) 6. Cadmium (Cd) - \(1s^1 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^6 5s^2 4d^{10}\) 7. Sulfur (S) - \(1s^1 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^4\) 8. Selenium (Se) - \(1s^1 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^4\)

Step by step solution

01

Identify Element's Position in the Periodic Table

Look for the position of the given elements in the periodic table. Knowing their positions will help us to determine the electron configurations.
02

Determine Electrons and Atom's Levels

Calculate the total number of electrons in each atom and determine the filling order of their electron orbitals according to the periodic table. The filling order of electron orbitals is as follows: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, and so on.
03

Write Electron Configurations

Using the filling order of electron orbitals, write down the electron configurations for each element. 1. Silicon (Si) (Atomic Number: 14) - 1s鹿 2s虏 2p鈦� 3s虏 3p虏 2. Gallium (Ga) (Atomic Number: 31) - 1s鹿 2s虏 2p鈦� 3s虏 3p鈦� 4s虏 3d鹿鈦� 4p鹿 3. Arsenic (As) (Atomic Number: 33) - 1s鹿 2s虏 2p鈦� 3s虏 3p鈦� 4s虏 3d鹿鈦� 4p鲁 4. Germanium (Ge) (Atomic Number: 32) - 1s鹿 2s虏 2p鈦� 3s虏 3p鈦� 4s虏 3d鹿鈦� 4p虏 5. Aluminum (Al) (Atomic Number: 13) - 1s鹿 2s虏 2p鈦� 3s虏 3p鹿 6. Cadmium (Cd) (Atomic Number: 48) - 1s鹿 2s虏 2p鈦� 3s虏 3p鈦� 4s虏 3d鹿鈦� 4p鈦� 5s虏 4d鹿鈦� 7. Sulfur (S) (Atomic Number: 16) - 1s鹿 2s虏 2p鈦� 3s虏 3p鈦� 8. Selenium (Se) (Atomic Number: 34) - 1s鹿 2s虏 2p鈦� 3s虏 3p鈦� 4s虏 3d鹿鈦� 4p鈦� The electron configurations for Si, Ga, As, Ge, Al, Cd, S, and Se are now complete.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of the following sets of quantum numbers are not allowed? For each incorrect set, state why it is incorrect. a. \(n=3, \ell=3, m_{\ell}=0, m_{s}=-\frac{1}{2}\) b. \(n=4, \ell=3, m_{\ell}=2, m_{s}=-\frac{1}{2}\) c. \(n=4, \ell=1, m_{\ell}=1, m_{s}=+\frac{1}{2}\) d. \(n=2, \ell=1, m_{\ell}=-1, m_{s}=-1\) e. \(n=5, \ell=-4, m_{\ell}=2, m_{s}=+\frac{1}{2}\) f. \(n=3, \ell=1, m_{\ell}=2, m_{s}=-\frac{1}{2}\)

In defining the sizes of orbitals, why must we use an arbitrary value, such as 90% of the probability of finding an electron in that region?

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