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Chapter 22: Problem 32
Cumene is the starting material for the industrial production of acetone and phenol. The structure of cumene is Give the systematic name for cumene.
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Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) are highly toxic substances that are present in trace amounts as by-products of some chemical manufacturing processes. They have been implicated in a number of environmental incidents鈥攆or example, the chemical contamination at Love Canal and the herbicide spraying in Vietnam. The structure of dibenzo-pdioxin, along with the customary numbering convention, is The most toxic PCDD is 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin. Draw the structure of this compound. Also draw the structures of two other isomers containing four chlorine atoms.
Estimate \(\Delta H\) for the following reactions using bond energies given in Table \(8.5 .\) $$ 3 \mathrm{CH}_{2}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}(g)+3 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g) \rightarrow 3 \mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}_{3}(g) $$ The enthalpies of formation for \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}(g)\) and \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12}(g)\) are 82.9 and \(-90.3 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\) , respectively. Calculate \(\Delta H^{\circ}\) for the two reactions using standard enthalpies of formation from Appendix \( 4 .\) Account for any differences between the results obtained from the two methods.
Give an example reaction that would yield the following products. Name the organic reactant and product in each reaction. a. alkane b. monohalogenated alkane c. dihalogenated alkane d. tetrahalogenated alkane e. monohalogenated benzene f. alkene
Aspartame, the artificial sweetener marketed under the name NutraSweet, is a methyl ester of a dipeptide: a. What two amino acids are used to prepare aspartame? b. There is concern that methanol may be produced by the decomposition of aspartame. From what portion of the molecule can methanol be produced? Write an equation for this reaction.
Tautomers are molecules that differ in the position of a hydrogen atom. A tautomeric form of thymine has the structure If this tautomeric form, rather than the stable form of thymine, were present in a strand of DNA during replication, what would be the result?
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