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Chapter 41: Problem 3

The name acetic anhydride implies that the compound will react with water to form acetic acid. Write the equation for the reaction.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The reaction is \((CH_3CO)_2O + H_2O \rightarrow 2CH_3COOH\).

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Reactants

Acetic anhydride is a chemical compound with the formula \((CH_3CO)_2O\) which is an anhydride of acetic acid. When acetic anhydride reacts with water, it typically forms acetic acid.
02

Identify the Products

When acetic anhydride reacts with water, the key product formed is acetic acid. Thus, the reaction will yield two molecules of acetic acid \((CH_3COOH)\) for every molecule of acetic anhydride plus water consumed.
03

Write the Balanced Chemical Equation

The complete balanced chemical equation for the reaction of acetic anhydride with water is: \[(CH_3CO)_2O + H_2O \rightarrow 2CH_3COOH\]This equation shows that one molecule of acetic anhydride reacts with one molecule of water to produce two molecules of acetic acid.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Acetic Anhydride
Acetic anhydride is an important chemical used in various industrial and laboratory processes. With the chemical formula \((CH_3CO)_2O\), acetic anhydride is known as an "anhydride" because it is derived from acetic acid by removing a molecule of water.
This compound is recognized for its role in chemical reactions where it acts as an acylating agent. It鈥檚 commonly used in the manufacturing of aspirin, cellulose acetate, and other industrial chemicals.
  • Anhydride literally means "without water."
  • In the presence of water, acetic anhydride readily reverts to acetic acid, its parent compound.
  • It is reactive and can cause burns when it comes into contact with skin.
Handling acetic anhydride requires caution due to its reactive nature.
Ensuring proper safety measures are key when working with this compound, such as using gloves and safety goggles.
Acetic Acid
Acetic acid is a well-known organic compound with the formula \(CH_3COOH\). It is a key component of vinegar, which contains about 5-20% acetic acid by volume.
This substance is esteemed not only for its culinary uses but also for industrial applications.
  • It has a distinct sour taste and pungent smell.
  • In chemistry, acetic acid plays a vital role as a solvent and reagent.
  • It is utilized in the production of synthetic fibers and plastics.
When acetic anhydride reacts with water, the main product is acetic acid.
This transformation highlights the reversible nature of certain chemical reactions, where water can conversely break down the anhydride back to its acid form.
Balanced Chemical Equation
A balanced chemical equation represents a chemical reaction with an equal number of atoms for each element on both sides of the equation.
This balance respects the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
  • In our example, the equation is \((CH_3CO)_2O + H_2O \rightarrow 2CH_3COOH\).
  • It depicts that one molecule of acetic anhydride and one molecule of water yield two molecules of acetic acid.
  • Balancing equations is crucial for understanding the quantities of reactants and products involved in a reaction.
This balanced equation also helps in experimental setups, ensuring that reactants are used efficiently.
Proper balancing is fundamental in fields such as chemical engineering and laboratory research.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Calculate the theoretical yield of aspirin to be obtained in this experiment, starting with \(2.0 \mathrm{g}\) of salicylic acid and \(5.0 \mathrm{mL}\) of acetic anhydride (density \(=1.08 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL}\) ). _______________ g
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