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Chapter 3: Problem 66

Identify each of the following as solid, liquid, or gas: (3.2) a. pencil in a box b. oil paint in a container c. ice cubes in a bowl d. salad dressing in a bowl e. air filled in a balloon

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. solid, b. liquid, c. solid, d. liquid, e. gas

Step by step solution

01

- Identify a pencil in a box

A pencil is rigid and keeps its own shape regardless of the container. It is identified as a solid.
02

- Identify oil paint in a container

Oil paint flows and takes the shape of its container but does not have a definite shape of its own. It is identified as a liquid.
03

- Identify ice cubes in a bowl

Ice cubes are rigid and keep their own shape regardless of the bowl. They are identified as solids.
04

- Identify salad dressing in a bowl

Salad dressing flows and takes the shape of its bowl but does not have a definite shape of its own. It is identified as a liquid.
05

- Identify air filled in a balloon

Air inside a balloon fills the space of the balloon but does not have a definite shape or volume of its own. It is identified as a gas.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

solid
A solid is a state of matter characterized by its definite shape and volume. This means that solids maintain their shape and size regardless of the container they are in. The molecules in a solid are closely packed together, which allows them to retain this fixed shape. Examples include a pencil and ice cubes. The pencil in a box remains rigid and maintains its form, showcasing its solid characteristics. Similarly, ice cubes in a bowl do the same, further demonstrating the properties of solids.
liquid
Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape. They take the shape of the container they are in but do not expand to fill it entirely. This is because the molecules in a liquid are close together but can move past one another, allowing the liquid to flow. Examples of liquids include oil paint and salad dressing. Oil paint in a container and salad dressing in a bowl both adapt to the shape of their respective containers, underscoring their liquid nature.
gas
Gases are characterized by having neither a definite shape nor a definite volume. Gases will expand to fill their container completely. The molecules in a gas are spread far apart and move freely, which is why they can fill any space available to them. An example of this is air in a balloon. The air fills the balloon and takes its shape, demonstrating the properties of gases.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Indicate whether each of the following statements describes potential or kinetic energy: a. water at the top of a waterfall b. kicking a ball c. the energy in a lump of coal d. a skier at the top of a hill

Calculate each of the following temperatures in kelvins and degrees Fahrenheit: \((3.3)\) a. The highest recorded temperature in the world was \(58.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) in El Azizia, Libya, on September 13,1922 . b. The lowest recorded temperature in the world was \(-89.2{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) in Vostok, Antarctica, on July 21,1983 .

On a hot day, the beach sand gets hot but the water stays cool. Would you predict that the specific heat of sand is higher or lower than that of water? Explain. (3.5) On a sunny day, the sand gets hot but the water stays cool.

Calculate the specific heat \(\left(\mathrm{J} / \mathrm{g}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)\) for each of the following: a. a \(13.5-\mathrm{g}\) sample of zinc \((\mathrm{Zn})\) heated from \(24.2^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) to \(83.6^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) that absorbs \(312 \mathrm{~J}\) of heat b. a \(48.2-\mathrm{g}\) sample of a metal that absorbs \(345 \mathrm{~J}\) with a temperature increase from \(35.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) to \(57.9^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\)

Substances \(\mathrm{A}\) and \(\mathrm{B}\) are the same mass and at the same initial temperature. When the same amount of heat is added to each, the final temperature of \(\mathrm{A}\) is \(75^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(\mathrm{B}\) is \(35^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). What does this tell you about the specific heats of \(\mathrm{A}\) and \(\mathrm{B}\) ?
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