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Chapter 20: Problem 8

Penicillin is an: (a) antibiotic (b) anaesthetic (c) antiseptic (d) antipyretic

Short Answer

Expert verified
Penicillin is an antibiotic.

Step by step solution

01

Define each option

- Antibiotic: A substance used to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. - Anaesthetic: A substance that induces insensitivity to pain. - Antiseptic: A substance that prevents the growth of disease-causing microorganisms. - Antipyretic: A substance that reduces fever.
02

Identify the role of Penicillin

Penicillin is a type of antibiotic. Its primary role is to kill bacteria or stop its growth, which helps to treat bacterial infections.
03

Match Penicillin to the correct definition

Given that penicillin is a substance used to treat bacterial infections by killing bacteria, it matches the definition of an antibiotic.
04

Select the correct option

Based on the definitions and the known role of penicillin, the correct answer is (a) antibiotic.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Antibiotic Definition
Antibiotics are powerful medicinal substances designed to combat bacterial infections. They work by either killing the bacteria or inhibiting their growth, thus preventing the spread of infection in the body. Antibiotics are essential in treating various bacterial diseases like strep throat, urinary tract infections, and tuberculosis.
Antibiotics do not work against viruses, such as those causing colds or the flu. They specifically target the structures and reproduction processes of bacteria.
Understanding the nature of antibiotics is crucial for effective medical treatments. Misuse or overuse can contribute to antibiotic resistance, making future infections harder to treat.
Role of Penicillin
Penicillin is one of the most well-known antibiotics and has a significant role in medical history. Discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928, penicillin revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections. It works by attacking the cell walls of bacteria, leading to the destruction of the harmful microorganisms.
  • Penicillin is effective against numerous types of bacteria, including those causing pneumonia, strep throat, and syphilis.
  • It is often considered the prototype for other antibiotics.
  • This antibiotic has saved countless lives since its introduction, marking a milestone in modern medicine.
Understanding penicillin's role provides insight into how antibiotics function and their importance in healthcare.
Types of Medicinal Substances
Medicinal substances are categorized based on their purpose and action within the body. Here's a breakdown of some common types:
  • Antipyretics: These are used to reduce fever, providing relief during illnesses such as the flu.
  • Antiseptics: These are substances that prevent infection by stalling the growth of harmful microorganisms on surfaces or in open wounds.
  • Anaesthetics: These substances are utilized to induce insensitivity to pain, allowing for surgical procedures and treatments without discomfort.
  • Antibiotics: As explained above, they treat bacterial infections.
Recognizing different medicinal substances aids in understanding their applications and benefits in varied medical scenarios.

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