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Chapter 16: Q. 16.29 (page 570)
Why do chemical reactions in the body require enzymes?
To meet the body's needs, the chemical reactions in our cells must occur at high rates.
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Identify the amino acids and type of interaction that occurs between the following R groups in tertiary protein structures:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Methanol and ethanol are oxidized by alcohol dehydrogenase. In methanol poisoning, ethanol is given intravenously to prevent the formation of formaldehyde that has toxic effects.
a. Draw the condensed structural formulas for methanol and ethanol.
b. Would ethanol compete for the active site or bind to a different site?
c. Would ethanol be a competitive or noncompetitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase?
16.78 How does the induced-fit model of enzyme action allow an enzyme to catalyze a reaction of a group of substrates?
A portion of a polypeptide chain contains the following sequence of amino acids:
- Leu-Val-Cys-Asp-
a. Which amino acids are likely to be found on the inside of the protein structure? Why?
b. Which amino acids would be found on the outside of the protein? Why?
c. How does the primary structure of a protein affect its tertiary structure?
Match the terms (1) active site, (2) lock-and-key model, and (3) induced-fit model with each of the following:
a. the portion of an enzyme where catalytic activity occurs
b. an active site that adapts to the shape of a substrate
c. an active site that has a rigid shape
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