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Chapter 18: Problem 14

Tin stone is contaminated with Wolframite. Which one of the following methods can be employed to dress the tin stone ore? (a) electromagnetic separation (b) levigation (c) roasting (d) floatation process

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Electromagnetic separation

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Ore Types

Tin stone, known as cassiterite, is the natural form of tin dioxide, and wolframite is a tungsten ore. Cassiterite has non-magnetic properties, while wolframite is magnetic.
02

Determine Method Based on Properties

The question asks for a method that can separate a non-magnetic substance (tin stone) from a magnetic impurity (wolframite).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Electromagnetic Separation
Electromagnetic separation is a key method used in ore dressing to separate different minerals. This technique takes advantage of the magnetic properties inherent in various ores.

When a mixture contains magnetic and non-magnetic materials, electromagnetic separation is viable. The process involves passing the ore through powerful magnetic fields.

  • Magnetic particles get attracted to the magnet and are separated from the rest of the material.
  • Non-magnetic particles are left behind and can be collected separately.
This method is highly effective for separating minerals like wolframite, as it is strongly magnetic, from non-magnetic minerals, such as cassiterite.

The effectiveness of electromagnetic separation depends on the intensity of the magnetic forces and the physical properties of the ores involved.
Cassiterite
Cassiterite is the primary ore of tin and occurs naturally as tin dioxide (SnO鈧�). It is the most significant source of tin production worldwide due to its abundance.

Cassiterite is valued for its non-magnetic properties, which means it does not respond to magnetic fields. This characteristic makes it distinct from magnetic minerals like wolframite.

The non-magnetic nature of cassiterite allows it to be effectively separated from magnetic impurities using electromagnetic separation techniques.

In the ore dressing process, this separation helps purify tin by removing unwanted magnetic substances that might otherwise contaminate the final tin product.
Wolframite
Wolframite is a principal ore from which tungsten is extracted. It is a heavy and dense mineral composing mainly of iron and manganese tungsten oxide.

  • This mineral is notable for its strong magnetic properties, which make it easily separable using magnetic techniques.
  • The magnetic characteristic of wolframite sets it apart from non-magnetic ores like cassiterite.
Its magnetic nature is exploited in the ore dressing process to separate it from non-magnetic materials.

Understanding the magnetic properties of wolframite is crucial in efficiently employing electromagnetic separation to ensure that this impurity does not contaminate the desired mineral, cassiterite.
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic properties play a critical role in the ore dressing process, especially when using methods such as electromagnetic separation.

The magnetic behavior of a mineral primarily depends on its composition and atomic structure. Minerals like wolframite exhibit strong magnetic properties due to the presence of elements such as iron, which respond well to magnetic fields.

  • Ores with high magnetic susceptibility can be efficiently separated using electromagnetic methods.
  • Non-magnetic minerals like cassiterite remain unaffected by magnetic separators, thus allowing for their collection after magnetic impurities are removed.
The ability to discern and utilize these magnetic properties makes electromagnetic separation a powerful tool in the mineral processing industry.

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