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Chapter 34: Problem 23

Which is not dissolve by dil HCl? (a) \(\mathrm{MnS}\) (b) \(\mathrm{ZnS}\) (c) \(\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}\) (d) \(\mathrm{BaSO}_{3}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
BaSO鈧� does not dissolve in dilute HCl.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Question

We need to determine which of the given compounds does not dissolve in dilute Hydrochloric Acid (HCl). The options provided are MnS, ZnS, BaSO鈧�, and BaSO鈧�.
02

Identifying Solubility Principles

Most sulfides (such as MnS and ZnS) tend to be insoluble or have limited solubility in water, but many will react with acids to form soluble hydrogen sulfides. Sulfates like BaSO鈧�, on the other hand, are particularly known for their low solubility in water and dilute acids.
03

Applying the Solubility Concept

BaSO鈧� (Barium sulfate) is well-known for being insoluble in water and dilute acids, unlike some other sulfides and the compound BaSO鈧�. Therefore, BaSO鈧� will not dissolve in dilute HCl, while the other compounds typically will react or dissolve to some extent.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Sulfide Solubility
Sulfides are compounds where sulfur is combined with a metal or semimetal. Understanding the solubility of sulfides in water or acids can help predict the behavior of materials in chemical reactions. Broadly, sulfides have limited solubility in water. Metals such as zinc and manganese form sulfides ( MnS, ZnS) that do not dissolve easily in water. However, these sulfides can often react with acids. When treated with dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl), these metal sulfides can produce hydrogen sulfide gas.
  • **Zinc Sulfide (ZnS)**: Although generally insoluble in water, ZnS reacts with dilute HCl to form soluble compounds and release hydrogen sulfide gas.
  • **Manganese Sulfide (MnS)**: Similar to ZnS, MnS dissolves in acids like HCl, where it forms soluble manganese chloride and releases hydrogen sulfide gas.
These reactions are important in laboratory settings where sulfide ion behavior is analyzed.
Sulfate Solubility
Sulfates are salts or esters of sulfuric acid containing the anion SO鈧劼测伝. The solubility of sulfates varies significantly across different metal ions. When evaluating compounds for solubility, barium sulfate ( BaSO鈧�) is a classic example of an insoluble sulfate.
  • **Barium Sulfate (BaSO鈧�)**: Known for its extremely low solubility in water and acids, BaSO鈧� remains undissolved even in the presence of strong or dilute acids like HCl.
  • **Barium Sulfite (BaSO鈧�)**: While BaSO鈧� shares some chemical similarities to BaSO鈧�, its behavior in acids like HCl is different. It tends to react more readily, slowly dissolving over time.
Understanding these solubility behaviors is crucial for applications like pharmaceuticals, where BaSO鈧勨�檚 inertness is used as a contrast agent in X-ray imaging.
Hydrochloric Acid Reactions
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid known for its reactivity. When HCl interacts with different compounds, varied reactions occur depending on the chemical nature of the compounds involved. In the case of sulfides and sulfates, HCl can cause different behaviors based on each compound鈥檚 solubility properties.
  • With **sulfides** like ZnS and MnS, HCl typically leads to a reaction that produces hydrogen sulfide gas, demonstrating the solubility increase when sulfides meet acids.
  • For **sulfates**, particularly BaSO鈧�, dilute HCl does not facilitate dissolution due to the compound's inherent properties. This non-reactivity reflects in its constant precipitation in solutions.
These interactions are vital in both academic and industrial chemistry settings. They help highlight how even strong acids like HCl can leave certain compounds unchanged due to intrinsic solubility constraints.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

An aqueous solution of a substance gives a white precipitate on treatment with dil. HCl which dissolves on heating. When \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{~S}\) is passed through the hot acidic solution, a black precipitate is obtained. The substance is a (a) \(\mathrm{Ag}^{+}\)salt (b) \(\mathrm{Cu}^{2+} \mathrm{salt}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Pb}^{2+}\) salt (d) \(\mathrm{Hg}_{2}^{2+} \mathrm{salt}\)

A one litre flask is full of brown bromine vapours. The intensity of brown colour of vapour will not decrease appreciably on adding to the flask some (a) carbon disulphide (b) piece of marble (c) carbon tetrachloride (d) animal charcoal powder

A metal \(\mathrm{X}\) on heating in nitrogen gas gives Y. Y on treatment with \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) gives a colourless gas which when passed through \(\mathrm{CuSO}_{4}\) solution gives a blue colour. Y is (a) \(\mathrm{Mg}_{3} \mathrm{~N}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{MgO}\) (c) \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\)

Which of the following reaction is given by a primary amine? (1) Carbyl amine reaction (2) Mustard oil reaction (3) Reaction with ceric ammonium nitrate (4) Diazotization (a) 3 and 4 (b) 1,2 and 3 (c) 1,2 and 4 (d) 2 and 3

A white sodium salt dissolves readily in water to give a solution which is neutral to litmus. When silver nitrate solution is added to the solution, a white precipitate is obtained which does not dissolve in dil \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\). The anion could be (a) \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\) (b) \(\mathrm{S}^{2-}\) (c) \(\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\) (d) \(\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-}\)
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