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Magazine Chapter 15: Problem 131
Match the following Column-I (a) 10 volumes (b) 20 volumes (c) 30 volumes (d) \(11.2\) volumes Column-II (p) \(5.358 \mathrm{~N}\) (q) \(3.036 \%(\mathrm{w} / \mathrm{v})\) (r) \(3.4 \mathrm{gm} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2} / 100\) \(\mathrm{ml}\) solution (s) \(1.785 \mathrm{M}\)
Short Answer
Expert verified
(a)-(q), (b)-(s), (c)-(r), (d)-(p).
Step by step solution
01
Understanding the Problem
We have two columns, Column-I with volume values and Column-II with different units of measurements related to chemical concentration. Our task is to match each item in Column-I to an appropriate unit in Column-II based on hydrogen peroxide (H鈧侽鈧�) concentration.
02
Analyzing 10 Volumes
10 volumes mean that 1 volume of a solution can release 10 volumes of oxygen at standard conditions. This corresponds to a certain percentage concentration of H鈧侽鈧�, needing to find the match in concentration terms from Column-II.
03
Analyzing 20 Volumes
Similarly, 20 volumes of H鈧侽鈧� mean that 1 volume of the solution can release 20 volumes of oxygen. More oxygen corresponds to a higher concentration, but we need to analyze which of the units accurately represents these concentrations.
04
Analyzing 30 Volumes
30 volumes indicate a stronger solution than both 10 and 20 volumes since it can release 30 times its volume of oxygen, demanding an appropriate match in Column-II.
05
Analyzing 11.2 Volumes
11.2 volumes suggest a specific yet lower concentration compared to 20 and 30 volumes, so it needs to be matched accordingly with the correct chemical concentration unit from Column-II.
06
Matching Column-I and Column-II
- For 10 volumes, the direct match is typically around 3% w/v. Hence, (a) corresponds to (q).
- For 20 volumes, it represents a more concentrated solution corresponding nearby 1.785 M, so (b) maps to (s).
- For 30 volumes, the higher concentration matches chemical compositions like 3.4 g H鈧侽鈧�/100 ml, thus (c) is (r).
- The closeness of 11.2 volumes to 10 volumes in concentration suggests it corresponds to pressure notation, so (d) relates to (p).
07
Verification of Matches
Reconfirm each pairing by considering the typical usage and chemical interpretations in H鈧侽鈧� solutions. This process solidifies that (a)-(q), (b)-(s), (c)-(r), and (d)-(p) are logical based on the conventions and the calculations of concentrations provided.
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Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Volumes of Oxygen
When discussing hydrogen peroxide (H鈧侽鈧�), the term "volumes of oxygen" refers to how much oxygen gas a certain amount of H鈧侽鈧� solution can release. Each number indicates how many volumes of oxygen gas are produced from one volume of the solution under standard conditions.
This measure is crucial for understanding how concentrated the solution is:
Understanding this concept helps match volume descriptions to chemical concentrations, linking practical effects with scientific measurements.
This measure is crucial for understanding how concentrated the solution is:
- 10 volumes means one volume of the solution releases 10 volumes of oxygen.
- 20 volumes release 20 volumes of oxygen from one volume of solution.
- The higher the number, the more concentrated the solution is.
Understanding this concept helps match volume descriptions to chemical concentrations, linking practical effects with scientific measurements.
Percentage Concentration
Percentage concentration tells us how much solute is present in a specific amount of solution and is often expressed as weight/volume percentage (
% w/v) or weight/weight percentage (
% w/w).
For hydrogen peroxide, the % w/v is commonly used to describe how much H鈧侽鈧� is in 100 ml of the solution.
Here's a simple breakdown:
This metric is not only essential for do-it-yourself projects but also plays a pivotal role in laboratory settings and industrial applications.
For hydrogen peroxide, the % w/v is commonly used to describe how much H鈧侽鈧� is in 100 ml of the solution.
Here's a simple breakdown:
- A 3% w/v solution contains 3 grams of H鈧侽鈧� per 100 ml of solution.
- Percentage concentration directly influences how much oxygen is released in the volumes of oxygen, as it tells you the direct proportion of H鈧侽鈧� in the solution.
This metric is not only essential for do-it-yourself projects but also plays a pivotal role in laboratory settings and industrial applications.
Molarity
Molarity (
M) is a way to express concentration, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.
In the context of hydrogen peroxide, this unit of concentration signifies its potential reactivity and effects based on chemical formulas.
For instance:
For instance:
- A solution that is 1.0 M means there is one mole of H鈧侽鈧� per liter of solution.
- It aids scientists and engineers in calculating how substances will react when mixed or used, crucial for laboratory tasks.
Weight/Volume Percentage
The weight/volume percentage (
% w/v) is another concentration measure that reveals how much solute is in a set volume of solution, typically expressed as grams per 100 ml.
This is especially useful for solutions like hydrogen peroxide used in various settings for disinfection and bleaching.
To simplify:
This is especially useful for solutions like hydrogen peroxide used in various settings for disinfection and bleaching.
To simplify:
- A % w/v concentrates on the relationship between the solvent's weight and the solution's volume.
- It's a quick way to understand how concentrated a solution is by directly correlating weight to volume.
