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How do companies recognize revenue from a performance obligation over time?

Short Answer

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As they progress toward fulfillment is measured, revenue from a performance obligation is realized over time.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Revenue Recognition

Revenue recognition is a concept in accounting. According to the revenue recognition principle, revenue is recognized when things are exchanged for a monetary value (amount) or when services are rendered, and amonetary value (cash) is received in return.

02

Companies recognize revenue from a performance obligation

Revenue from a performance obligation is recognized over time as the progress toward fulfillment is measured. The technique of progress measurement used should reflect the handover of control from the corporation to the customer. The cost-to-costand units-of-delivery techniques are the most frequent. These approaches determine the amount of progress made in terms of costs, units, or value-added. Companies categorize many measurements asinput or output measures, such as expenditures incurred, labor hours worked, tonnage produced, floors built, and so on. Input metrics (costs incurred, labor hours done) represent the time and effort put into a contract. Results are tracked using output measurements (tone’s produced, floors of a building built, miles of roadway completed, etc.). Neither can be applied generally to all long-term enterprises. Their application necessitates theapplication of judgment and careful adaptation to the situation. The cost-to-cost basis is the most common input metric used to gauge progress toward completion. A corporation calculates the percentage of completion using this method by comparing current expenses to the most recent estimate of total costs to execute the contract.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Leno Computers manufactures tablet computers for sale to retailers such as Fallon Electronics. Recently, Leno sold and delivered 200 tablet computers to Fallon for $20,000 on January 5, 2017. Fallon has agreed to pay for the 200 tablet computers within 30 days. Fallon has a good credit rating and should have no difficulty in making payment to Leno. (a) Explain whether a valid contract exists between Leno Computers and Fallon Electronics. (b) Assuming that Leno Computers has not yet delivered the tablet computers to Fallon Electronics, what might cause a valid contract not to exist between Leno and Fallon?

Engelhart Implements Inc. sells tractors to area farmers. The price for each tractor includes a GPS positioning service for nine months (which facilitates field settings for planting and harvesting equipment). The GPS service is regularly sold on a standalone basis by Engelhart for a monthly fee. After nine months, the consumer can renew the service on a fee basis. Does Engelhart have one or multiple performance obligations? Explain.

(Gross Profit on Uncompleted Contract) On April 1, 2017, Dougherty Inc. entered into a cost plus fixed fee contract to construct an electric generator for Altom Corporation. At the contract date, Dougherty estimated that it would take 2 years to complete the project at a cost of \(2,000,000. The fixed fee stipulated in the contract is \)450,000. Dougherty appropriately accounts for this contract under the percentage-of-completion method. During 2017, Dougherty incurred costs of \(800,000 related to the project. The estimated cost at December 31, 2017, to complete the contract is \)1,200,000. Altom was billed $600,000 under the contract.

Instructions

Prepare a schedule to compute the amount of gross profit to be recognized by Dougherty under the contract for the year ended December 31, 2017. Show supporting computations in good form.

(Allocate Transaction Price) Geraths Windows manufactures and sells custom storm windows for three-season porches. Geraths also provides installation service for the windows. The installation process does not involve changes in the windows, so this service can be performed by other vendors. Geraths enters into the following contract on July 1, 2017, with a local homeowner. The customer purchases windows for a price of \(2,400 and chooses Geraths to do the installation. Geraths charges the same price for the windows irrespective of whether it does the installation or not. The installation service is estimated to have a standalone selling price of \)600. The customer pays Geraths \(2,000 (which equals the standalone selling price of the windows, which have a cost of \)1,100) upon delivery and the remaining balance upon installation of the windows. The windows are delivered on September 1, 2017, Geraths completes installation on October 15, 2017, and the customer pays the balance due. Prepare the journal entries for Geraths in 2017. (Round amounts to nearest dollar.)

On March 1, 2017, Parnevik Company sold goods to Goosen Inc. for \(660,000 in exchange for a 5-year, zerointerest-bearing note in the face amount of \)1,062,937 (an inputed rate of 10%). The goods have an inventory cost on Parnevik’s books of $400,000. Prepare the journal entries for Parnevik on (a) March 1, 2017, and (b) December 31, 2017.

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