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Lower-of-Cost-or-Market is calculated as follows:

The total cost of inventory is calculated as follows:

The reduction in the value of inventory is calculated as follows:

$\begin{array}{rcl}\mathbf{Reduction}\mathbf{}\mathbf{in}\mathbf{}\mathbf{Inventory}& \mathbf{=}& \mathbf{Inventory}\mathbf{}\mathbf{at}\mathbf{}\mathbf{Cost}-\mathbf{Lower}\mathbf{-}\mathbf{of}\mathbf{-}\mathbf{Cost}\mathbf{-}\mathbf{or}\mathbf{-}\mathbf{MarketValue}\\ & \mathbf{=}& \mathbf{\$}\mathbf{33}\mathbf{,}\mathbf{170}-\mathbf{\$}\mathbf{32}\mathbf{,}\mathbf{220}\\ & \mathbf{=}& \mathbf{\$}\mathbf{950}\end{array}$

Date: March 11, 2022

To Greg

From XYZ

Subject: Explanation on designated market value

Under the Lower-of-Cost-or Market-Value method, inventories are recorded at the lowest between the original cost and the designated market value. The designated market value indicates the market value of the inventory. It is measured as the middle value of the three items: replacement costs, Net realizable value, and net realizable value less profit margin. Net realizable value is calculated by subtracting selling and completion costs from the selling price.

In the given case for Item A, the net realizable value is $9.00, calculated by subtracting completion & disposal costs of $1.50 from the selling price of $10.50 per unit. Net realizable value less profit margin is $7.20, which is calculated by subtracting profit margin of $1.80 from NRV of $9.00. In this case designated market value is $8.40, which is the middle value of all three (NRV, NRV less profit margin, and Replacement Costs). In the same way, the designated market value per unit is calculated for all the items.

Then this value is used to compare with the original cost to measure the inventory value per Lower-of-cost-or-market value.