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Chapter 4: Question 15Q (page 180)

Discuss the appropriate treatment in the financial statements of each of the following.

(a) Gain on sale of investment securities.

(b) A profit-sharing bonus to employees computed as a percentage of net income.

(c) Additional depreciation on factory machinery because of an error in computing depreciation for the previous year.

(d) Rent received from subletting a portion of the office space.

(e) A patent infringement suit, brought 2 years ago against the company by another company, was settled this year by a cash payment of $725,000.

(f) A reduction in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts balance because the account appears to be considerably in excess of the probable loss from uncollectible receivables.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The reporting of various financial transactions depends upon the nature of the transaction. For instance, if the information is related to the revenues, then the same must be reported in theincome statement.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Financial Statements

Financial statements refer to the annual reports prepared by the business entities to determine their growth, profitability, solvency, and other parameters. It includes an income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement.

02

Treatment of various financial transactions

Serial No.

Treatment

Explanation

(a)

Income statement as an extraordinary gain

Gain on sale of securities is non-operating gain; therefore should be reported as extraordinary gain in the income statement.

(b)

Income statement as operating expense

Bonus to employees as a percentage of net profit is an operational expense; hence should be reported in the income statement.

(c)

Retained earnings statement as an adjustment in the beginning

Additional depreciation will reduce the prior year's net income; hence, it should be adjusted at the beginning of the retained earnings statement.

(d)

Income statement as operating income

Receipt of rent is part of business operations; therefore, it should be reported as operating income.

(e)

Income statement as an extraordinary loss

A pending lawsuit is a nonrecurring loss; therefore should be reported as an extraordinary loss in the income statement.

(f)

Income statement as operating expense

Allowance for doubtful accounts is related to the ordinary course of business; hence it should be shown as an operating expense.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Perlman Land Development, Inc. purchased land for \(70,000 and spent \)30,000 developing it. It then sold the land for \(160,000. Sheehan Manufacturing purchased land for a future plant site for \)100,000. Due to a change in plans, Sheehan later sold the land for \(160,000. Should these two companies report the land sales, both at gains of \)60,000, in a similar manner?

The financial records of LeRoi Jones Inc. were destroyed by fire at the end of 2017. Fortunately, the controller had kept certain statistical data related to the income statement as follows.XXX

  1. The beginning merchandise inventory was \(92,000 and decreased 20% during the current year.
  2. Sales discounts amount to \)17,000.
  3. 20,000 shares of common stock were outstanding for the entire year.
  4. Interest expense was \(20,000.
  5. The income tax rate is 30%.
  6. The cost of goods sold amounts to \)500,000.
  7. Administrative expenses are 20% of the cost of goods sold but only 8% of gross sales.
  8. Four-fifths of the operating expenses relate to sales activities.

Instructions

From the foregoing information prepare an income statement for the year 2017 in single-step form.

The financial statements of P&G are presented in Appendix B. The company鈥檚 complete annual report, including the notes to the financial statements, is available online.

Instructions

Refer to P&G鈥檚 financial statements and the accompanying notes to answer the following questions.

(a) What type of income statement format does P&G use? Indicate why this format might be used to present income statement information.

(b) What are P&G鈥檚 primary revenue sources?

(c) Compute P&G鈥檚 gross profit for each of the years 2012鈥�2014. Explain why gross profit decreased in 2014.

(d) Why does P&G make a distinction between operating and nonoperating revenue?

(e) What financial ratios did P&G choose to report in its 鈥淔inancial Summary鈥� section covering the years 2009鈥�2014?

Counting Crows Inc. provided the following information for the year 2017.

Retained earnings, January 1, 2017 $600,000

Administrative expenses 240,000

Selling expenses 300,000

Sales revenue 1,900,000

Cash dividends declared 80,000

Cost of goods sold 850,000

Loss on discontinued operations 110,000

Rent revenue 102,700

17,000

Income tax applicable to continuing operations 187,000

Income tax benefit applicable to loss

on discontinued operations 60,500

Income tax applicable to unrealized holding

gain on available-for-sale securities 2,000

Accounting

Prepare

(a) a single-step income statement for 2017,

(b) a retained earnings statement for 2017, and

(c) a statement of comprehensive income using the two statement format. The shares outstanding during 2017 were 100,000.

Analysis

Explain how a multiple-step income statement format can provide useful information to a financial statement user.

Principles

In a recent meeting with its auditor, Counting Crows鈥� management argued that the company should be able to prepare a pro forma income statement with some one-time administrative expenses reported similar to discontinued operations. Is such reporting consistent with the qualitative characteristics of accounting information as discussed in the conceptual framework? Explain.

How can earnings management affect the quality of earnings?
See all solutions

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