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Chapter 4: Q10Q (page 179)

Question: What is the major distinction (a) between revenues and gains and (b) between expenses and losses?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Revenues are received from the company's central operations, whereas gains are increases in assets resulting from incidental transactions.

Expenses are the outflows from the major operations, whereas losses are decreases in the net assets resulting from incidental transactions.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Balance Sheet

A company's resources, obligations, and ownership can be determined using a single financial statement which is referred to as the balance sheet, which is also useful for tracking a company's financial health.

02

Distinction between revenues and gains

Revenues refer to the gross receipts of a company from its primary or central operations of producing goods, rendering services, and other activities.

On the other hand, gains refer to an increase in the net assets resulting from the incidental transactions of a company.

03

Distinction between expenses and losses

Expenses are the outflows of assets or the occurrence of liabilities that constitute a significant part of the company's operations, whereas losses are the decrease in the assetsdue to sudden transactions.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Presented below are changes in all the account balances of Fritz Mayhew Furniture Co. during the current year, except for retained earnings.

Increase Increase

(Decrease) (Decrease)

Cash \(79,000 Accounts Payable

Accounts Receivable (net) \)45,000 Bonds Payable \(82,000

Inventory \)127,000 Common Stock \(125,000

Investments (47,000) Paid-In Capital in Excess of Par \)13,000

Instructions

Compute the net income for the current year, assuming that there were no entries in the Retained Earnings account except for net income and a dividend declaration of $19,000 which was paid in the current year.

(Income Statement, EPS) Presented below are selected ledger accounts of Tucker Corporation as of December 31, 2017.

Cash $50,000

Administrative expenses 100,000

Selling expenses 80,000

Net sales 540,000

Cost of goods sold 210,000

Cash dividends declared (2017) 20,000

Cash dividends paid (2017) 15,000

Discontinued operations (loss before income taxes) 40,000

Depreciation expense, not recorded in 2016 30,000

Retained earnings, December 31, 2016 90,000

Effective tax rate 30%

Instructions

  1. Compute net income for 2017.
  2. Prepare a partial income statement beginning with income from continuing operations before income tax, and including appropriate earnings per share information. Assume 10,000 shares of common stock were outstanding during 2017.

Starr Co. had sales revenue of \(540,000 in 2017. Other items recorded during the year were:

Cost of goods sold \)330,000

Salaries and wages expense 120,000

Income tax expense 25,000

Increase in value of company reputation 15,000

Other operating expenses 10,000

Unrealized gain on value of patents 20,000

Prepare a single-step income statement for Starr for 2017. Starr has 100,000 shares of stock outstanding.

Maher Inc. reported income from continuing operations before taxes during 2017 of \(790,000. Additional transactions occurring in 2017 but not considered in the \)790,000 are as follows.

  1. The corporation experienced an uninsured flood loss in the amount of \(90,000 during the year.
  2. 2. At the beginning of 2015, the corporation purchased a machine for \)54,000 (salvage value of \(9,000) that had a useful life of 6 years. The bookkeeper used straight-line depreciation for 2015, 2016, and 2017, but failed to deduct the salvage value in computing the depreciation base.
  3. Sale of securities held as a part of its portfolio resulted in a loss of \)57,000 (pretax).
  4. When its president died, the corporation realized \(150,000 from an insurance policy. The cash surrender value of this policy had been carried on the books as an investment in the amount of \)46,000 (the gain is nontaxable).
  5. The corporation disposed of its recreational division at a loss of \(115,000 before taxes. Assume that this transaction meets the criteria for discontinued operations.
  6. The corporation decided to change its method of inventory pricing from average-cost to the FIFO method. The effect of this change on prior years is to increase 2015 income by \)60,000 and decrease 2016 income by $20,000 before taxes. The FIFO method has been used for 2017. The tax rate on these items is 40%.

Instructions

Prepare an income statement for the year 2017 starting with income from continuing operations before taxes. Compute earnings per share as it should be shown on the face of the income statement. Common shares outstanding for the year are 120,000 shares. (Assume a tax rate of 30% on all items, unless indicated otherwise.)

The following information was taken from the records of Roland Carlson Inc. for the year 2017: income tax applicable to income from continuing operations \(187,000, income tax applicable to loss on discontinued operations \)25,500, and unrealized holding gain on available-for-sale securities (net of tax) \(15,000.

Gain on sale of equipment \)95,000 Cash dividends declared $150,000

Loss on discontinued operations75,000 Retained earnings January1,2017 600,000

Administrative expenses 240,000 Cost of goods sold 850,000

Rent revenue 40,000 Selling expenses 300,000

Loss on write-down of inventory 60,000 Sales revenue 1,900,000

Shares outstanding during 2017 were 100,000.

Instructions

  1. Prepare a single-step income statement.
  2. Prepare a comprehensive income statement for 2017 using the two statement format.
  3. Prepare a retained earnings statement for 2017.
See all solutions

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