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It is an uncertain liability that is recorded as a short-term or long-term liability depending on the future payment date. Business firms also face uncertainty regarding the amount of their payment and the date of its payment. This can be related to warranties, contingencies, lawsuits, etc.

For measuring a provision under IFRS, a company should account for the best-estimated expense for settling down the uncertain liability. This way of measuring provision helps the companies to know all possible future losses. The IFRS also mandate companies to disclose provisions in the notes to the financial statements. Hence, Option (c) is correct.

Option (a): Using the midpoint of highest and lowest loss will not provide correct future loss or gain. It provides an average of the highest and lowest gain or loss.

Option (b): If a company faces higher loss in the future, then the minimum amount of provision will not help it to Tackle future uncertainties.

Option (d): If a company accounts for higher loss as a provision, then it may reduce the profits of the firm.