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Discuss the accounting for sales allowances and how they relate to the concept of variable consideration.

Short Answer

Expert verified

It is reported as a contra-revenue account, adjusted against accounts receivable and sales revenue.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of the Sales Price

Sales price is defined as the amount of money that each buyer must pay for the acquisition of any goods or service. Such price is reduced by various means such as cash and trade discounts.

02

Accounting for Sales Allowance

Sales return and allowance fall under the category of contra-revenue. When a company sells a product, then the accounts receivables and sales revenue are adjusted to the expected amount of sales return—maintaining such an account helps a business entity in the identification of problems associated with poor quality of merchandise and inefficiency of the business entity in executing the orders.

It is related to variable consideration because the management estimates it and it affects the final price of the business transaction.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Indicate three reasons why a company might sell its receivables to another company.

On January 1, 2017, Lombard Co. sells property for which it had paid \(690,000 to Sargent Company, receiving in return Sargent’s zero-interest-bearing note for \)1,000,000 payable in 5 years. What entry would Lombard make to record the sale, assuming that Lombard frequently sells similar items of property for a cash sales price of $640,000?

On July 1, 2017, Moresan Company sold special-order merchandise on credit and received in return an interest-bearing note receivable from the customer. Moresan will receive interest at the prevailing rate for a note of this type. Both the principal and interest are due in one lump sum on June 30, 2018.

On September 1, 2017, Moresan sold special-order merchandise on credit and received in return a zero-interest-bearing note receivable from the customer. The prevailing rate of interest for a note of this type is determinable. The note receivable is due in one lump sum on August 31, 2019.

Moresan also has significant amounts of trade accounts receivable as a result of credit sales to its customers. On October 1, 2017, some trade accounts receivable were assigned to Indigo Finance Company on a non-notification (Moresan handles collections) basis for an advance of 75% of their amount at an interest charge of 8% on the balance outstanding.

On November 1, 2017, other trade accounts receivable were sold without recourse. The factor withheld 5% of the trade accounts receivable factored as protection against sales returns and allowances and charged a finance charge of 3%.

Instructions

How should Moresan account for the trade accounts receivable factored on November 1, 2017? Why?

On June 3, Arnold Company sold to Chester Company merchandise having a sale price of \(3,000 with terms of 2/10, n/60, f.o.b. shipping point. An invoice totaling \)90, terms n/30, was received by Chester on June 8 from John Booth Transport Service for the freight cost. On June 12, the company received a check for the balance due from Chester Company

Instructions

(a) Prepare journal entries on the Arnold Company books to record all the events noted above under each of the following bases.

(1) Sales and receivables are entered at gross selling price.

(2) Sales and receivables are entered at net of cash discounts.

(b) Prepare the journal entry under basis 2, assuming that Chester Company did not remit payment until July 29.

(Accounting for Zero-Interest-Bearing Note) Soon after beginning the year-end audit work on March 10 at Engone Company, the auditor has the following conversation with the controller.

Controller: The year ended March 31st should be our most profitable in history and, as a consequence, the board of directors has just awarded the officers generous bonuses.

Auditor: I thought profits were down this year in the industry, according to your latest interim report.

Controller: Well, they were down, but 10 days ago we closed a deal that will give us a substantial increase for the year.

Auditor: Oh, what was it?

Controller: Well, you remember a few years ago our former president bought stock in Henderson Enterprises because he had those grandiose ideas about becoming a conglomerate. For 6 years we have not been able to sell this stock, which cost us \(3,000,000 and has not paid a nickel in dividends. Thursday we sold this stock to Bimini Inc. for \)4,000,000. So, we will have a gain of \(700,000 (\)1,000,000 pretax) which will increase our net income for the year to \(4,000,000, compared with last year’s \)3,800,000. As far as I know, we’ll be the only company in the industry to register an increase in net income this year. That should help the market value of the stock!

Auditor: Do you expect to receive the \(4,000,000 in cash by March 31st, your fiscal year-end?

Controller: No. Although Bimini Inc. is an excellent company, they are a little tight for cash because of their rapid growth. Consequently, they are going to give us a \)4,000,000 zero-interest-bearing note with payments of $400,000 per year for the next 10 years. The first payment is due on March 31 of next year.

Auditor: Why is the note zero-interest-bearing?

Controller: Because that’s what everybody agreed to. Since we don’t have any interest-bearing debt, the funds invested in the note do not cost us anything and besides, we were not getting any dividends on the Henderson Enterprises stock.

Instructions

Do you agree with the way the controller has accounted for the transaction? If not, how should the transaction be accounted for?

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