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(Lease Capitalization, Bargain-Purchase Option) Baden Corporation entered into a lease agreement for 10 photocopy machines for its corporate headquarters. The lease agreement qualifies as an operating lease in all terms except there is a bargain-purchase option. After the 5-year lease term, the corporation can purchase each copier for \(1,000, when the anticipated fair value is \)2,500.

Jerry Suffolk, the financial vice president, thinks the financial statements must recognize the lease agreement as a capital lease because of the bargain-purchase option. The controller, Diane Buchanan, disagrees: 鈥淎lthough I don鈥檛 know much about the copiers themselves, there is a way to avoid recording the lease liability.鈥 She argues that the corporation might claim that copier technology advances rapidly and that by the end of the lease term the machines will most likely not be worth the $1,000 bargain price.

Instructions

Answer the following questions.

(b) Should the controller鈥檚 argument be accepted if she does not really know much about copier technology? Would it make a difference if the controller were knowledgeable about the pace of change in copier technology?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer

If Buchanan has no particular expertise in copier technology, she has no rational case for her suggestion.

Step by step solution

01

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Meaning of Capital Lease

A capital lease is a long-term lease that is neither reversible nor cancelable. In the capital lease, it transfers all the rights that come with the ownership of the assets while payments are still being made to the owner.

02

Explaining the argument of the controller

Buchanan's advice is illogical if she has no experience with copier technology. If she has the experience, her solution may be reasonable and not just a way to get around recognizing a liability on the balance sheet.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(Operating Lease for Lessee and Lessor) On February 20, 2017, Barbara Brent Inc. purchased a machine for \(1,500,000 for the purpose of leasing it. The machine is expected to have a 10-year life, no residual value, and will be depreciated on the straight-line basis. The machine was leased to Rudy Company on March 1, 2017, for a 4-year period at a monthly rental of \)19,500. There is no provision for the renewal of the lease or purchase of the machine by the lessee at the expiration of the lease term. Brent paid $30,000 of commissions associated with negotiating the lease in February 2017.

Instructions

(b) What income or loss before income taxes should Brent record as a result of the facts above for the year ended December 31, 2017? (Hint: Amortize commissions over the life of the lease.)

Question: (Balance Sheet and Income Statement Disclosure鈥擫essee) The following facts pertain to a noncancelable lease agreement between Alschuler Leasing Company and McKee Electronics, a lessee, for a computer system.

Inception date

October 1, 2017

Lease term

6 years

Economic life of leased equipment

6 years

Fair value of asset at October 1, 2017

\(300,383

Residual value at end of lease term

鈥0鈥

Lessor鈥檚 implicit rate

10%

Lessee鈥檚 incremental borrowing rate

10%

Annual lease payment due at the beginning of each year, beginning with October 1, 2017

\)62,700

The collectibility of the lease payments is reasonably predictable, and there are no important uncertainties surrounding the costs yet to be incurred by the lessor. The lessee assumes responsibility for all executory costs, which amount to \(5,500 per year and are to be paid each October 1, beginning October 1, 2017. (This \)5,500 is not included in the rental payment of \(62,700.) The asset will revert to the lessor at the end of the lease term. The straight-line depreciation method is used for all equipment.

The following amortization schedule has been prepared correctly for use by both the lessor and the lessee in accounting for this lease. The lease is to be accounted for properly as a capital lease by the lessee and as a direct-financing lease by the lessor.

Date

Annual lease payments/Receipt

Interest (10%)

On Unpaid liability/Receivable

Reduction of Lease Liability?

Receivable

Balance of Lease Liability/Receivable

10/01/17

\)300,383

10/01/17

\(62,700

\)62,700

237,683

10/01/18

\(62,700

\)23,768

38,932

198,751

10/01/19

\(62,700

19,875

42,825

155,926

10/01/20

\)62,700

15,593

47,107

108,819

10/01/21

\(62,700

10,882

51,818

57,001

10/01/22

\)62,700

5,699*

57,001

0

\(376,200

\)75,817

\(300,383

*Rounding error is \)1.

(b) Assuming the lessee鈥檚 accounting period ends on December 31, answer the following questions with respect to this lease agreement.

(2) What items and amounts will appear on the lessee鈥檚 balance sheet at December 31, 2017?

Question: (Balance Sheet and Income Statement Disclosure鈥擫essee) The following facts pertain to a noncancelable lease agreement between Alschuler Leasing Company and McKee Electronics, a lessee, for a computer system.

Inception date

October 1, 2017

Lease term

6 years

Economic life of leased equipment

6 years

Fair value of asset at October 1, 2017

\(300,383

Residual value at end of lease term

鈥0鈥

Lessor鈥檚 implicit rate

10%

Lessee鈥檚 incremental borrowing rate

10%

Annual lease payment due at the beginning of each year, beginning with October 1, 2017

\)62,700

The collectibility of the lease payments is reasonably predictable, and there are no important uncertainties surrounding the costs yet to be incurred by the lessor. The lessee assumes responsibility for all executory costs, which amount to \(5,500 per year and are to be paid each October 1, beginning October 1, 2017. (This \)5,500 is not included in the rental payment of \(62,700.) The asset will revert to the lessor at the end of the lease term. The straight-line depreciation method is used for all equipment.

The following amortization schedule has been prepared correctly for use by both the lessor and the lessee in accounting for this lease. The lease is to be accounted for properly as a capital lease by the lessee and as a direct-financing lease by the lessor.

Date

Annual lease payments/Receipt

Interest (10%)

On Unpaid liability/Receivable

Reduction of Lease Liability?

Receivable

Balance of Lease Liability/Receivable

10/01/17

\)300,383

10/01/17

\(62,700

\)62,700

237,683

10/01/18

\(62,700

\)23,768

38,932

198,751

10/01/19

\(62,700

19,875

42,825

155,926

10/01/20

\)62,700

15,593

47,107

108,819

10/01/21

\(62,700

10,882

51,818

57,001

10/01/22

\)62,700

5,699*

57,001

0

\(376,200

\)75,817

\(300,383

*Rounding error is \)1.

Instructions

(a) Assuming the lessee鈥檚 accounting period ends on September 30, answer the following questions with respect to this lease agreement.


(3) What items and amounts will appear on the lessee鈥檚 income statement for the year ending September 30, 2019?

Lessor Computations and Entries, Sales-Type Lease with Guaranteed Residual Value) Amirante Inc. manufactures an X-ray machine with an estimated life of 12 years and leases it to Chambers Medical Center for a period of 10 years. The normal selling price of the machine is \(411,324, and its guaranteed residual value at the end of the noncancelable lease term is estimated to be \)15,000. The hospital will pay rents of \(60,000 at the beginning of each year and all maintenance, insurance, and taxes. Amirante Inc. incurred costs of \)250,000 in manufacturing the machine and $14,000 in negotiating and closing the lease. Amirante Inc. has determined that the collectibility of the lease payments is reasonably predictable, that there will be no additional costs incurred, and that the implicit interest rate is 10%.

Instructions

(a) Discuss the nature of this lease in relation to the lessor and compute the amount of each of the following items.

  1. Lease receivable at inception of the lease.

Use the information for IBM from BE21-6. Assume the direct-financing lease was recorded at a present value of \(150,000. Prepare IBM鈥檚 December 31, 2017, entry to record interest.

Assume that IBM leased equipment that was carried at a cost of \)150,000 to Sharon Swander Company. The term of the lease is 6 years beginning January 1, 2017, with equal rental payments of \(30,044 at the beginning of each year. All executory costs are paid by Swander directly to third parties. The fair value of the equipment at the inception of the lease is \)150,000. The equipment has a useful life of 6 years with no salvage value. The lease has an implicit interest rate of 8%, no bargain-purchase option, and no transfer of title. Collectibility is reasonably assured with no additional cost to be incurred by IBM. Prepare IBM鈥檚 January 1, 2017, journal entries at the inception of the lease.

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