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Differentiate between 鈥渓oss carryback鈥 and 鈥渓oss carryforward.鈥 Which can be accounted for with the greater certainty when it arises? Why?

Short Answer

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The two essential provisionsunder the Internal Revenue System are loss carryback and carryforward. Since it helps the organization in decreasing their income tax payable amount paid to the government.

Step by step solution

01

Differentiating between loss carryback and loss carryforward

Basis

Loss carryback

Loss carryforward

Meaning

This provision allows the organization to settle its present net operating loss with the previous income tax expense to receive a refund.

This provision allows the company to offset its net operating loss with the following income tax expense to decrease the total taxable amount for the future year.

Duration

It can be adjusted up to 2 previous years.

It can be adjusted for up to the next 20 years.

02

Greater certainty

The carryback loss is often accounted for with greater certainty when the amount increases since the organization calculate and knows its total taxable amount applicable in previous years. On the other hand, the future taxable income cannot be predetermined by the firm.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What controversy relates to the accounting for net operating loss carryforwards?

Dexter Company appropriately uses the asset-liability method to record deferred income taxes. Dexter reports depreciation expense for certain machinery purchased this year using the modified accelerated cost recovery system (MACRS) for income tax purposes and the straight-line basis for financial reporting purposes. The tax deduction is the larger amount this year. Dexter received rent revenues in advance this year. These revenues are included in this year鈥檚 taxable income. However, for financial reporting purposes, these revenues are reported as unearned revenues, a current liability. Instructions (b) How would Dexter account for the temporary differences?

Clydesdale Corporation has a cumulative temporary difference related to depreciation of \(580,000 at December 31, 2017. This difference will reverse as follows: 2018, \)42,000; 2019, \(244,000; and 2020, \)294,000. Enacted tax rates are 34% for 2018 and 2019, and 40% for 2020. Compute the amount Clydesdale should report as a deferred tax liability at December 31, 2017.

Kleckner Company started operations in 2013. Although it has grown steadily, the company reported accumulatedoperating losses of \(450,000 in its first four years in business. In the most recent year (2017), Kleckner appears to haveturned the corner and reported modest taxable income of \)30,000. In addition to a deferred tax asset related to its net operatingloss, Kleckner has recorded a deferred tax asset related to product warranties and a deferred tax liability related to accelerateddepreciation. Given its past operating results, Kleckner has determined that it is not probable that it will realize any of thedeferred tax assets. However, given its improved performance, Kleckner management wonders whether there are any accountingconsequences for its deferred tax assets. They would like you to conduct some research on the accounting for recognitionof its deferred tax asset.

Instructions

Access the IFRS authoritative literature at the IASB website (http://eifrs.iasb.org/).(Click on the IFRS tab and then register for freeeIFRS access if necessary.) When you have accessed the documents, you can use the search tool in your Internet browser torespond to the following questions. (Provide paragraph citations.)

(a)Briefl y explain to Kleckner management the importance of future taxable income as it relates to the recognition ofdeferred tax assets.

(b)What are the sources of income that may be relied upon in assessing realization of a deferred tax asset?

(c)What are tax-planning strategies? From the information provided, does it appear that Kleckner could employ a taxplanningstrategy in evaluating its deferred tax asset?

Teri Hatcher Inc., in its first year of operations, has the following differences between the book basis and tax basis of its assets and liabilities at the end of 2016. Book Basis Tax Basis Equipment (net) \(400,000 \)340,000 Estimated warranty liability \(200,000 \) 鈥0鈥 It is estimated that the warranty liability will be settled in 2017. The difference in equipment (net) will result in taxable amounts of \(20,000 in 2017, \)30,000 in 2018, and \(10,000 in 2019. The company has taxable income of \)520,000 in 2016. As of the beginning of 2016, the enacted tax rate is 34% for 2016鈥2018, and 30% for 2019. Hatcher expects to report taxable income through 2019.Instructions (a) Prepare the journal entry to record income tax expense, deferred income taxes, and income taxes payable for 2016. (b) Indicate how deferred income taxes will be reported on the balance sheet at the end of 2016.

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